On September 25, Longgang city was officially established, which is the first "town to city" in China. It is also a major breakthrough in China's administrative division reform and innovation, and will provide a new method for the country's new urbanization reform.
Why are towns and cities set up?
Longgang, located at the mouth of the Aojiang River Basin in the south of Wenzhou, has undergone three important changes since its establishment in 1984: from a small fishing village to a farmer's city, from a farmer's city to a small city, and from a small city to the withdrawal of a town and the establishment of a city.
In 1984, Longgang took the lead in the reform of paid land use and registered residence system, and set off a whirlwind of farmers' making cities.
Farmers entering the city has driven the rapid agglomeration of regional economic energy and the rapid growth of population scale. By 2018, the area of Longgang has expanded to 184 square kilometers and the population has increased to 380000, which has reached the scale standard of small cities. The per capita regional GDP and the urbanization rate of permanent residents have even exceeded that of some small and medium-sized cities. In 2018, Longgang's GDP was 29.95 billion yuan, the per capita GDP was 78600 yuan, and the urbanization rate reached 63.2%.
Longgang Town, which is gradually 'growing up', has encountered an obvious development bottleneck: the town level system and mechanism can not match the gradually huge economic aggregate and population scale.
Zhou Nan, deputy director of the planning department of the national development and Reform Commission, said that the further development of mega towns faces many bottlenecks and constraints. In an image, it is "small horses pull big cars and big feet wear small shoes". These Mega towns are mainly developed by relying on market forces. They are areas where private economies gather. They continue to promote institutional and mechanism innovation according to local conditions, further tap and stimulate the development potential of mega towns, and promote conditional Mega towns to gradually grow into small and medium-sized cities, which is in line with the law of modern urban construction and the law of economic development and urbanization.
The reporter learned that since 1995, in order to solve the "growing troubles", Longgang has successively carried out the pilot of comprehensive reform of small towns, the pilot of power expansion of strong towns and the pilot of small city cultivation. Especially at the end of 2014, after Longgang was listed as one of the first batch of national comprehensive pilot projects for new urbanization, it explored the new model of setting up cities in Mega towns, wrote the history of innovation, and made substantive progress.
Can "one family" become "neighbors" achieve win-win results?
As an economically developed Town, Longgang has not only become the same level as Cangnan County, but also directly under the jurisdiction of Zhejiang Province and managed by Wenzhou City. Will the substantial increase of management authority affect the economic development of Cangnan?
"For Cangnan, the separation of Longgang will inevitably be affected." Zheng Gangfeng, a cadre of Cangnan County Taxation Bureau, said that through the continuous deepening of reform, we believe that complementary and win-win results can be formed in the future.
Yao Gaoguan, mayor of Wenzhou, believes that the purpose of the reform is to promote high-quality development. We should not only make Longgang develop faster and better, but also make Cangnan develop faster and better.
"In order to ensure the coordinated development of Cangnan and Longgang, Wenzhou will establish a normalized overall planning and coordination mechanism to maintain the stable and orderly economic and social development of the two places." Senior official Yao said that Wenzhou will strengthen guidance and promote the two places to jointly create mechanisms, plan and draw, jointly build facilities, jointly prosper industries, jointly protect the environment and share people's livelihood. " For example, in the aspect of people's livelihood sharing, Wenzhou will establish a mechanism of CO urbanization. By means of group school running and the establishment of medical community, Wenzhou's high-quality resources will sink to Longgang and Cangnan, and continuously enhance the people's sense of access in both places. "
Li Qitie, the former mayor of Longgang Town, believes that Longgang is only more than 20 kilometers away from Lingxi, Cangnan County. Relying on the natural port of Aojiang River, Longgang will form a central city in Aojiang River basin after its establishment, further stimulate private investment and gather regional economic energy, which can not only accelerate the construction of CO urbanization between the two places, but also drive the development of the whole south of Wenzhou.
What is the significance of Longgang model for new urbanization?
What are the characteristics of Longgang city model?
Zhou Nan, deputy director of the planning department of the national development and Reform Commission, said: first, follow the requirements of simplification, unification and efficiency, strengthen the core role of the Party committee's leadership, and build a simple and capable leading group of the Party committee, the National People's Congress, the government and the CPPCC; Second, carry out the reform of large ministry system to prevent institutional overlap, duplication of functions and overlapping of work; Third, implement flat management, do not set up towns and streets, reduce administrative levels, improve management efficiency and strengthen village autonomy; Fourth, sinking the working force. The grass-roots Working Committee uniformly allocates the personnel of functional departments and lines to sink and promote the integration of sections and blocks.
Lin Tuo, an expert at the China Institute of administrative divisions of East China Normal University, believes that at present, a number of large economically developed towns have been formed all over the country, and the Longgang reform will explore the way for these towns to establish a modern urban structure and transformation and development.
Can Longgang experience be replicated elsewhere?
Zhou Nan, deputy director of the planning department of the national development and Reform Commission, said that the beneficial experience and advanced practices of Longgang are conducive to providing reference and reference for the establishment of other Mega towns. next step:
First, strengthen the efforts to expand power and strengthen the town, focus on the following powers, expand financial power, reform personnel power and strengthen the guarantee of land use indicators, and give some county-level management authority to super large towns with a population of more than 100000.
Second, we will continue to explore the new model of establishing Mega towns and gradually promote the conditional Mega towns to grow into small and medium-sized cities.
Third, actively explore the new management mode of the city, and the direction should be the mode of "small government and big service".
At the same time, we should comprehensively improve the quality of mega towns. Mainly to make up for the shortcomings of infrastructure, public services and ecological environment, and strengthen the construction of a beautiful and livable environment; Vigorously develop characteristic industries. It is mainly to optimize and strengthen characteristic industries, improve the development quality of mega towns, and improve the sustainable development capacity and economic vitality of mega towns.