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What disease is dengue fever? Is it serious? Can it be transmitted? Through what channels is dengue

What is dengue fever? Maybe some people have never heard of dengue fever, but people who know dengue fever may be worried. So what is dengue fever? What symptom can get dengue fever have? How should be treated? Is dengue fever serious? Is it life-threatening? The key is how to prevent dengue fever at ordinary times, understand the transmission route of dengue fever, and actively prevent it.

What is dengue fever:

Dengue fever (dengue) is an acute insect borne disease caused by dengue virus transmitted by mosquitoes. Dengue virus infection can lead to latent infection, dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is rare in China. The typical clinical manifestations of dengue fever are acute onset, high fever, headache, severe pain in muscles, bones and joints, rash, bleeding tendency, enlarged lymph nodes, decreased leukocyte count, thrombocytopenia, etc. The disease is mainly prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas. Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macao and other places in China are dengue epidemic areas. As the disease is transmitted by Aedes, the epidemic has a certain seasonality, generally from May to November every year, and the peak is from July to September. In the new epidemic area, the population is generally susceptible, but the incidence is mainly adults. In the local epidemic area, the incidence is mainly children.

Etiology of dengue fever:

Dengue virus is a flavivirus genus of Flaviviridae. It is a single stranded positive strand RNA virus. The virus is resistant to low temperature. It can survive for 5 years at - 20 ℃ and more than 8 years at - 70 ℃ in human serum. But it is not heat-resistant. It can be inactivated at 50 ℃ for 30 minutes or 100 ℃ for 2 minutes. It is not acid resistant. It can be inactivated with detergent, ether, ultraviolet and 0.65% formaldehyde solution. At present, four serotypes of dengue virus have been isolated, all of which are pathogenic. Aedes aegypti (including Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus) are the main hosts, and patients and latent infections are the main infectious sources. The patients were most infectious from the first day of onset to the third day after onset. A few patients can also isolate virus from blood on the 3rd day after fever subsides.

Dengue virus enters the human body through the bite of Aedes, proliferates in capillary endothelial cells and mononuclear phagocyte system, and enters the blood circulation to form the first toxemia. Then it was located in the mononuclear phagocyte system and lymphoid tissue, replicated and released into the blood again to form the second toxemia. Dengue virus forms immune complexes with anti dengue virus antibodies produced by the body, activates the complement system, and leads to the increase of vascular permeability. At the same time, the virus can inhibit bone marrow, resulting in leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and bleeding tendency.

According to the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic areas and rainy seasons, the patient has two degrees of high fever, systemic pain, obvious fatigue, skin rash during the first fever or the second fever, enlarged lymph nodes and reduced leukocyte count, which is considered as dengue fever. The diagnosis can be made when the antibody titer of the recovery phase of the double serum is more than 4 times higher than that of the acute phase, or the antibody titer of the complement binding test in the acute phase is more than 1:32. Attention should be paid to the identification of influenza, leptospirosis, measles, scarlet fever, typhoid fever, malaria and yellow fever.