The economic differences between the north and the south are related to the differences in climate factors, consumption ideas and cultural customs. However, with the innovation and diversification of night economy consumption formats, coupled with the strong promotion of night economy by the government, although there is still a gap between northern cities and southern cities in a certain period of time, they have obviously entered the fast lane of development under the joint action of internal and external forces.
Which city is the real sleepless city in China?
In the first half of 2019, the contribution rate of China's final consumption expenditure growth to economic growth was 60.1%, and consumption has become the main engine of current economic growth.
Increasing residents' income and creating convenient conditions suitable for consumption is a necessary choice to increase the proportion of China's economic consumption. Stimulating the development of night economy has also become an important battlefield for the strength PK of urban economic strength and business environment.
Beijing, Shanghai, Jinan and other places have put forward night economy incentive policies. On July 31, the executive meeting of the State Council also proposed to enrich product supply and encourage the development of cultural and tourist places, night catering, shopping, cultural performances, etc.
Night economy should not be the same performance, light show and commercial street. Most of the night markets spontaneously formed in early years in Beijing and Shanghai have become history. How to provide an inclusive and open market environment for night economic development, as well as good transportation, safety and other environmental supporting facilities, are testing the wisdom of dealing with the relationship between the government and the market.
Southern nightlife flourished
Shanghai is the most representative metropolis of China's "sleepless city". Shanghai is also the city with the hottest night economic consumption. Its night cultural and entertainment consumption, fitness consumption and catering consumption are among the top in the country.
Shanghai's prosperity index matches its consumption center city. According to the data released by the National Bureau of statistics, in the first half of 2019, the total retail sales of social goods in Shanghai ranked first among cities in China. In the first half of the year, the per capita consumption expenditure of residents reached 10330 yuan and the per capita disposable income of residents was 35294 yuan.
Night economy is the result of the development of market economy. In addition to theatrical performances and restaurants, 24-hour gyms and 24-hour convenience stores are important parts of the city's night economy. Today, the 24-hour convenience stores on the streets of Shanghai are also one of the reasons why young people living in this city love Shanghai. The density of 24-hour convenience stores is an important reference for the city's friendliness index to single young people. Obviously, Shanghai is more friendly to her.
In addition to Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Chengdu and Wuhan in the south are also prosperous night markets. The total retail sales of social goods in these four cities rank among the top six in China.
Compared with Shanghai international metropolis, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Chengdu and Wuhan have more market gas and more human nightlife. Zheng Lei, a professor at Fudan University who grew up in Shanghai, repeatedly mentioned that Shanghai's sleepless city is more reflected in the bright night scenery of a modern metropolis, as well as some night cultural activities. In the early years, the night market and big stall street with local characteristics have gradually disappeared. Most of the indoor restaurants on the street close at 10 p.m. and lack the breath of life. Relatively speaking, Guangzhou is doing very well, the market environment is more relaxed, and you can eat big stalls at night.
The night economy in Guangzhou, Chongqing, Wuhan and Chengdu does have a more original flavor of life. Taking Wuhan as an example, the night market life in Jiqing Street written by writer Chi Li continues to this day. There are Jianghan Road and Baocheng road night markets not far from Jiqing street, which are still popular today. At the same time, Wuhan's new nightlife business district is also constantly forming, including Wuhan world on the beach, Chu River and Han boundary in Wuchang, crayfish street and ferry night tour of the Yangtze River are all the characteristics of Wuhan's nightlife.
According to the statistical data of ticket washing. During the peak period from 19:00 to 21:00, the five most active cities were Guangzhou, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Beijing and Hangzhou. According to the data of barley.com, as of August 2017, Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen had become the top four cities in concert consumption in China.
Another group of interesting data is that residents of southern cities, especially second tier cities in the south, punch in more frequently at night. According to the data provided by Leke fitness to the 21st Century Business Herald, the cities that like night fitness most are Chongqing, Hangzhou, Shanghai, Wuhan and Beijing.
The active night economy in the south not only reflects offline consumption, but also shows that the night consumption in the second tier cities in the south is growing rapidly. Jingdong home sales data show that the night order volume this summer increased by 60% year-on-year, and the night order volume in Wuhan increased by 70% year-on-year.
Northern awakening 'hibernation'
In history, the north also has representatives of night economy development. The recently popular "twelve hours of Chang'an" depicts people's imagination of Chang'an nightlife; Kaifeng in the Northern Song Dynasty was also a famous non night city. On the one hand, it was economically active. On the other hand, there was no restriction on business hours and places.
In addition to these representative metropolises, from the middle and late Tang Dynasty to now, the prosperous and concentrated areas of night markets are still in the south, and the northern cities are the most urgent to develop night economy make-up courses in the near future. Including Beijing, Jinan, Shijiazhuang, Tianjin, Xi'an, Changchun, Shenyang, Lanzhou and other cities have intensively mentioned encouraging the development of night economy, and some cities mentioned breaking the strange circle of "hibernation" of night economy in the past.
In the latest operation schedule of Metro in major cities in China sorted out by the reporter, there are 13 cities with Metro after zero, of which only 3 are northern cities, including Beijing, Tianjin and Urumqi in the northwest.
As the second largest consumer of social goods in China, Beijing's night economy is far worse than that of southern cities such as Shanghai and Guangzhou. The owner of a salad shop in the East Third Ring Road told the 21st Century Business Herald that in previous years, the de commercialization trend in the Third Ring Road in Beijing was obvious, the Third Ring Road became more and more deserted at night, and the CBD became hollow at night.
In addition, 24-hour convenience stores in Beijing are not as dense as those in Guangzhou and Shanghai. According to the data of China chain operation association, in 2017, the development index of urban convenience stores in Beijing ranked seventh in China, and the proportion of 24-hour convenience stores is less than half.
Experts interviewed by the 21st Century Business Herald reporter attributed the gap between the north and the south to two reasons. The first is the inclusiveness of economic activity and market management mechanism, and the second is the weather. It is cold in winter in the north. There is a 'cat winter'. Residents don't like to go out at night, and the climate in the south is more suitable for perennial night activities.
From the perspective of local economic prosperity alone, the top 10 cities in China's per capita disposable income in 2018 are all southern cities except Beijing; In the first half of 2019, Beijing was the only city in the north that ranked among the top ten cities in terms of social zero consumption; According to the 2018 China urban business environment assessment report released by the Research Institute of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Dawan District, only Beijing ranked among the top ten cities in the national ranking of urban business environment in 2018.
Online nighttime consumption is also much weaker in northern cities than in the south. According to the data provided by jd.com, the top three cities with nighttime orders are Shanghai, Shenzhen and Beijing respectively; The five cities with the fastest year-on-year growth of night orders are Shenzhen, Huizhou, Shanghai, Chongqing and Guangzhou. In addition to Beijing, online consumption in northern cities is also more depressed.
A government official said frankly about the measures to develop the night economy, the first is to increase residents' income, in addition, there should be a good market environment, and night markets and large food stalls should not be eliminated across the board.
From the suggestions issued by many northern cities this year to encourage the development of night economy, improving supporting facilities and market environment are their key lessons. For example, Beijing has put forward a series of supporting measures for night economy, including extending the operation time of subway on weekends and encouraging the development of 24-hour convenience stores. In Xi'an, the economic development has been greatly improved in the past two years, and the urban lighting is obvious.
Of course, the night economy should not be the same light show and commercial street. Wang Zhifeng, a professor in the Department of urban and real estate management at the Central University of Finance and economics, said that the economic differences between the north and the south are related to the differences in climate factors, consumption ideas and cultural customs. However, with the change of the age structure of consumers in the whole society, the change of modern people's living habits and consumption ideas, the innovation and diversification of night economy consumption formats, coupled with the strong promotion of night economy by the government, the improvement of policy guidance, transportation and other supporting services, although there is still a gap between northern cities and southern cities in a certain period of time, However, under the joint action of internal and external forces, it has obviously entered the fast lane of development, especially in metropolises dominated by modern service industries such as Beijing, whose advantages of high-quality development of 'night economy' are becoming more and more prominent.
How to build a sleepless city
How to better develop night economy? How to better enhance the pulling effect of night consumption on the economy?
The 21st Century Business Herald reporter found that many cities, including Amsterdam, London, Sydney, New York, Toulouse, Paris and Zurich, will set up the post of "night mayor", and some cities will also set up institutions or offices related to night economy.
In Wang Zhifeng's view, the post of 'night mayor' abroad has obvious characteristics of private forces participating in urban governance.
In most cities, 'night mayor' is not a supervisory position and has almost no law enforcement authority. Instead, it is mainly responsible for coordinating the communication between enterprises, consumers, residents and the government. It is a 'bridge builder'. Angela winnike, who holds the post of "night mayor" of Iowa, has organized forums between bar owners and police on many occasions during her term of office to discuss whether people under the age of 21 should be prohibited from entering bars after 10 p.m.
The development of "night economy" involves the linkage and combined response of multiple departments such as planning, commerce, logistics, transportation, culture and tourism, city appearance, sanitation and public security. Since this year, Shanghai has set up 'night District chiefs' in two districts and more than a dozen' nightlife CEOs' at the same time.
Wang Zhifeng told the 21st Century Business Herald that the development of night economy tests the wisdom of dealing with the relationship between the government and the market. " The setting of "night district chief" shows that special agencies are required to promote this matter, and higher-level government officials are also required to coordinate this matter.
Wang Zhifeng believes that night economy should not only be a temporary starting point to stimulate urban consumption and solve the problem of urban employment. It is also of great significance to promote urban economic development and enhance urban image, vitality and agglomeration. Therefore, the introduction of relevant policies and mechanism design should emphasize its long-term nature and foundation.
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