Original title: Health Commission: China's per capita life expectancy is 77 years, and about 8 years are living with diseases
The office of the health China action Promotion Committee held a press conference on July 29. Wang Haidong, director of the aging health department of the National Health Commission, said that at present, the elderly in China have problems such as high prevalence, early onset and long duration of illness, and the overall health status is not optimistic.
Wang Haidong introduced that among the 249 million elderly people over the age of 60 in China, more than 180 million suffer from chronic diseases, and about 40 million disabled and partially disabled elderly people; At the same time, China's per capita life expectancy in 2018 is 77 years, but the healthy life expectancy is only 68.7 years, that is, residents have more than 8 years to live with diseases. He said that in the future, the overall health status of China's elderly will be gradually improved through the implementation of the 'elderly health promotion action'.
'high prevalence, early onset and long duration of illness'
'live long' and 'live healthy' are important indicators to measure the overall health status of the elderly population. Wang Haidong introduced that since the 18th National Congress, China's per capita life expectancy has increased from 74.83 years in 2010 to 77 years in 2018, that is, significant achievements have been made in 'living long', but there is still a gap in 'living healthy'.
It is reported that by the end of 2018, China's elderly population aged 60 and over was about 249 million, accounting for 17.9% of the total population, of which more than 180 million elderly people had chronic diseases, and the proportion of suffering from one or more chronic diseases was as high as 75%.
At the same time, the average life expectancy of Chinese residents in 2018 was 77 years, but the healthy life expectancy was only 68.7 years, that is, residents lived with diseases for about 8 years. " This shows that the proportion of elderly people in China is high. After entering old age, they get sick early, take a long time, and the quality of life is not very high. " Wang Haidong said.
Nandu reporter learned that 'healthy life expectancy' refers to the average number of years a person can expect to live in 'complete health', excluding the number of years living in an unhealthy state due to illness or injury. " "Healthy life expectancy" was first proposed by the World Health Organization and has become an important indicator to measure the health status of the population in various countries.
Chen Zheng, director of Beijing geriatrics hospital and Beijing Institute of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine gerontology, also said that in 2017, the life expectancy of China's 60 year olds was 21.04 years (i.e. 21.04 years after 60), and the 'healthy life expectancy' of those over 60 years old was 16.42 years, that is, the 'year of disability' with five years to their deathbed. He said that although 16.42 years old is higher than the global level of 15.96 years' healthy life expectancy for people over 60 years old, there is still a certain gap with developed countries.
In the next 10 years, reduce the incidence of disability among the elderly aged 65 to 74
Disability is not only a special state of the elderly living with diseases, but also the biggest challenge in the last period of their life. According to the results of the fourth sampling survey on the living conditions of the elderly in urban and rural China released by the national Aging office in 2016, the total population of disabled and semi disabled elderly in urban and rural China is about 40.63 million, accounting for 18.3% of the elderly population.?
What is disability? Chen Zheng introduced that according to international standards, one of the six indicators of eating, dressing, getting in and out of bed, going to the toilet, walking indoors and bathing is disability. He said that with the development of aging, the disability of the elderly is mainly caused by chronic diseases, such as heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and malignant tumors. Therefore, the prevention and control of chronic diseases is particularly important.
'follow & lsquo; Healthy China 2030 & rsquo; This is the most important thing in the planning of how we find it early. From early treatment to rehabilitation, to long-term care, and finally our alternative services, this is a series, and try to put prevention at an early stage. " Chen Zheng said.
On July 15 this year, the State Council issued the opinions of the State Council on the implementation of the healthy China action, which proposed the implementation of the 'elderly health promotion action', and defined the requirements for individuals, families, society and the government.
Wang Haidong pointed out that according to the action requirements, the disability rate of the elderly aged 65 to 74 should be reduced in the next 10 years. " Delay the occurrence of disability to the end of life as far as possible, let it come later, and maintain the function of the elderly, which is also an indicator of healthy aging advocated by who. " He said.
Wang Haidong introduced that the 'elderly health promotion action' has more requirements for government responsibilities. For example, the government should popularize the knowledge of dietary nutrition, physical exercise, regular physical examination, health management, mental health and rational drug use for the elderly, and carry out publicity and education activities such as elderly fitness, elderly health care, prevention and rehabilitation of elderly diseases.
At the same time, the government should also strengthen the network function of grass-roots medical and health services, give play to the role of family doctors (teams), provide basic medical and public health services for the elderly, promote the integrated development of medical and health services and elderly care services, and make new progress in the long-term care insurance system. " Next, we hope to launch the pilot as soon as possible and fully implement the long-term care insurance system. " He said.