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Can asthma be cured? Symptoms and manifestations of asthma

China's largest asthma research results were recently published in the top medical journal The Lancet. At present, more than 45 million adults in China have asthma.

Symptoms and manifestations of asthma

The common symptoms of asthma are paroxysmal wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness or cough. A few patients may also experience chest pain. These symptoms often occur in patients after exposure to smoke, perfume, paint, dust, pets, pollen and other irritant gases or allergens. Symptoms at night and / or early morning are also prone to occur or aggravate. Many patients can hear wheezing when they have an asthma attack. Symptoms are usually paroxysmal, and most patients can alleviate by themselves or by treatment.

Many asthma patients often go through a long process of misdiagnosis before diagnosis, and are diagnosed with chronic bronchitis, pharyngitis, etc. due to the wrong diagnosis, the treatment plan is wrong, which not only delays the treatment, causes physical pain to the patients, but also brings mental and psychological pain to the patients, and the economic efforts are wasted. And they often use antibiotics. Because antibiotics have no therapeutic effect on asthma, repeated use is easy to cause drug resistance. Of course, when combined with bacterial infection, antibiotics will be effective.

Can asthma be cured

In May 2018, the 'national survey on the control status and disease cognition of asthmatic patients in urban areas (carn-2015-01)' showed that asthma has become the world's second largest lethal and disabling disease after cancer. Only 28.3% of asthmatic patients in China have achieved complete control, and 71.7% of asthmatic patients need to improve their control level.

Asthma complicated with symptoms

Acute complications

1. Sudden death is the most serious complication of bronchial asthma, because it often has no obvious premonitory symptoms. Once it occurs suddenly, it is often too late to rescue and die.

2. Lower respiratory tract and lung infection according to statistics, about half of asthma is induced by upper respiratory tract virus infection. Therefore, the immune function of respiratory tract is disturbed, and it is easy to secondary to lower respiratory tract and lung infection. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve the immune function of asthmatic patients, keep the airway unobstructed, clear the secretions in the airway, keep the ward clean and prevent colds, so as to reduce infection; Once there are signs of infection, appropriate antibiotics should be selected according to bacteria and drug sensitivity.

3. Water, electrolyte and acid-base imbalance due to asthma attack, hypoxia, insufficient food intake, dehydration, heart, liver, especially respiratory and renal dysfunction, often combined with water, electrolyte and acid-base imbalance, which are important factors affecting the curative effect and prognosis of asthma. We should strive to maintain water, electrolyte and acid-base balance, monitor electrolyte and arterial blood gas analysis every day or even at any time, find and deal with abnormalities in time.

4 * pneumothorax and mediastinal emphysema due to the retention of gas in alveoli during asthma attack, resulting in excessive alveolar gas and increased intrapulmonary pressure. Chronic emphysema complicated by asthma can cause rupture of the lung bulge and form spontaneous pneumothorax. When mechanical ventilation is used, the peak pressure of airway and alveolar is too high, which is also easy to cause alveolar rupture and air pressure injury, pneumothorax and even mediastinal emphysema.

5. Respiratory failure, severe asthma attack, insufficient ventilation, infection, improper treatment and medication, complicated with pneumothorax, atelectasis and pulmonary edema are the common causes of asthma complicated with respiratory failure. Once respiratory failure occurs, severe asthma, * carbon dioxide retention and acidosis are difficult to treat. Eliminate and reduce the inducement to prevent occurrence; Rescue according to respiratory failure after occurrence.

6. Multiple organ dysfunction and multiple organ failure due to severe hypoxia, serious infection, acid-base imbalance, gastrointestinal bleeding and toxic and side effects of drugs, severe asthma is often complicated with multiple organ dysfunction or even failure. We should prevent and correct the above incentives and actively improve the function of important organs.

late complications

1. Asthma in children with dysplasia and thoracic deformity often causes dysplasia and thoracic deformity. The factors are multifaceted, such as malnutrition, hypoxemia, endocrine disorders, etc. it is reported that 30% of children with long-term systemic use of corticosteroids have dysplasia.

2. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension and chronic cor pulmonale are related to long-term or repeated airway obstruction, infection, hypoxia, hypercapnia, acidosis and increased blood viscosity caused by asthma.