Original title: Health Commission: the national cesarean section rate is 36.7%, and actively promote labor analgesia
On June 27, the National Health Commission released the report on the development of maternal and child health in China (2019). Data show that Chinese women's life expectancy has reached 79.4 years, while maternal mortality has decreased significantly. In addition, in 2018, the national cesarean section rate was 36.7%.
The report shows that in 2015, the life expectancy of Chinese women was 79.4 years, 8.9 years longer than that in 1990
The life expectancy of Chinese women is 79.4 years
According to the data of the report released this time, the health level of women and children has been continuously improved since the founding of new China. In terms of life expectancy, in 2015, the life expectancy of Chinese women was 79.4 years, 8.9 years longer than that in 1990.
In addition, maternal mortality has decreased steadily. The national maternal mortality rate was 88.8/100000 in 1990 and decreased to 18.3/100000 in 2018, a decrease of 79.4% compared with 1990. The gap between urban and rural areas has narrowed significantly. The ratio of maternal mortality between urban and rural areas was 1:2.2 in 1990 and 1:1.3 in 2018.
The regional gap is also narrowing. In 2018, the maternal mortality rates in the eastern, central and western regions were 10.9/100000, 20.0/100000 and 25.2/100000 respectively, down 61.9%, 70.5% and 81.2% respectively compared with 1996. The maternal mortality rate in the western region was 4.7 times higher than that in the eastern region in 1996 and decreased to 2.3 times in 2018.
It is reported that the United Nations Millennium Development goals require that by 2015, the maternal mortality rate should be reduced by 3 / 4 from 1990. China achieved it ahead of schedule in 2014. It is one of the few countries in the world to achieve this goal.
Photo by Qian Ye
The infant mortality rate decreased to 6.1 & permil;
According to the report, the neonatal mortality rate, infant mortality rate and under five mortality rate increased from 33.1 & permil; in 1991 50.2‰ And 61.0 & permil;, Down to 3.9 & permil; in 2018 6.1‰ And 8.4 & permil;.
The mortality rate of major diseases among children under 5 years old decreased significantly. In 2017, the top five causes of death of children under 5 years old were premature birth or low birth weight, pneumonia, birth asphyxia, congenital heart disease and accidental asphyxia, accounting for 55.7% of all causes of death, a decrease of 79.1% compared with 2000.
In addition, the growth retardation rate of children under 5 years old in China has continued to decline.
In 2013, the growth retardation rate of children under 5 years old in China was 8.1%, a decrease of 75.5% compared with 33.1% in 1990.
In addition, the decline in rural areas was greater than that in urban areas, and the gap between urban and rural areas gradually narrowed. From 1990 to 2013, the growth retardation rate of children under the age of 5 in urban areas decreased from 11.4% to 4.3%, and that in rural areas decreased from 40.3% to 11.2%.
A pregnant woman is giving birth in the delivery room of the first maternal and child health hospital in Shanghai
There are nearly 210000 obstetricians, and the national cesarean section rate in 2018 was 36.7%
Qin Geng, director of the maternal and child Department of the National Health Commission, said that as of 2018, there were 3080 maternal and child health care institutions, 807 maternity hospitals and 228 children's hospitals in China, with nearly 640000 employees, 400 million outpatient visits, 13.79 million hospitalizations and 338000 beds. The number of beds in gynecology, obstetrics and pediatrics in various medical institutions continued to increase, The main position of ensuring the health of women and children has become more stable.
In terms of maternal health care, the data of the report show that the national prenatal examination rate has increased steadily, from 83.7% in 1996 to 96.6% in 2018, and from 80.6% to 95.8% in rural areas.
In recent years, the detection rate of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B in pregnant women has been above 99%. The transmission rate of mother to child transmission of AIDS has dropped from 34.8% before intervention to 4.5% in 2018. The number of reported cases of congenital syphilis has dropped by more than 70%. The rate of hepatitis B immunoglobulin injection from children infected with hepatitis B has reached 99.7%, effectively avoiding and reducing the new infection of children.
In terms of obstetric services, in 2018, there were 26000 midwifery institutions, 180000 midwives and nearly 210000 obstetricians. The national in-hospital delivery rate has increased from 60.7% in 1996 to more than 99% in the past six years. The rural inpatient delivery rate reached 99.8% in 2018.
In addition, China also vigorously promotes natural childbirth, encourages midwifery institutions to carry out services such as doula childbirth and childbirth companionship, and actively promotes childbirth analgesia services. In 2018, the national cesarean section rate was 36.7%.