I. standard of milk intake of newborn
The digestive ability of newborn is poor, and it is usually necessary for the growth of the body to rely on milk (breast milk or milk powder). Therefore, how to milk the newborn has become a special concern of mothers. How much milk should newborn babies drink? In fact, there are certain standards for parents to refer to.
1. The influence of infant's stomach capacity on milk intake
The gastric capacity of the newborn is related to the amount of milk fed, and the gastric capacity is also related to the baby's weight. What is gastric capacity? Generally speaking, it is the size of the stomach and how much food it can bear. Generally, 30-60ml is the best amount of milk for a newborn, which needs to be breastfed 6-8 times a day. Of course, with the improvement of digestive capacity, the milk amount needs to be increased gradually. After 3 months, the stomach capacity of the newborn increases significantly, about 100ml. It is suggested that 90-120ml milk can be fed each time, but the times of feeding should be reduced accordingly. The baby needs to drink water as well as milk. The interval between two times of lactation can be fed once. The daily water consumption should not be too much, otherwise it will affect normal lactation.
2. Calculate the milk intake according to the baby's weight
In the final analysis, how to control the amount of milk? According to the survey, the amount of milk can be calculated according to the weight of the newborn. For example, because the milk is not easy to digest, the newborn needs to be mixed with water for consumption. If the daily milk intake of the newborn is 100-200ml, it can be mixed with water in the proportion of 4:1, 3:1, 3:2, 2:1 and 1:1. Simply put, if two parts of 300 ml milk are mixed with one part of 150 ml water, it can be fed 7-8 times. Infants with normal digestive function can drink pure milk 15 days after birth. The amount of milk depends on the baby's weight. 100-150 ml of pure milk should be fed per kilogram of body weight, and 60-100 ml of pure milk should be consumed per meal.
How to judge whether the baby is full
1. Judge by defecation times
If the number of defecation is more than 6 times in 24 hours, it can be judged theoretically that the amount of milk is sufficient. If you defecate no more than four times a day for 24 hours, moms will pay attention. This situation means that the milk is insufficient and the baby is not full.
2. Judge by defecation shape
In addition, the shape of defecation can also be used to judge whether the baby has enough milk. Generally speaking, the shape of the stool of a breast fed baby is usually soft. If the baby is full, defecate at least 2-4 times a day. If breastfeeding babies are defecate less than 2-4 times, they will be green foam. If this happens, it is suggested that mothers consider increasing infant milk intake.
3. Judge according to the baby's weight
In addition to judging by defecation, mothers should pay special attention to the changes of baby weight. If the baby is healthy within 6 months, it should gain 600 grams per month, and 125 grams per week on average. On average, infants over six months gain 500 grams a month. If the child's weight growth is too slow and there is a big gap between the statistics and the statistics, mothers should quickly consider the intake of milk.
For newborns, milk intake is an important issue. Just like adults, when the baby is full, the mood will be good naturally. Only in this way can the baby perform happily and grow healthily.
III. formula for calculation of artificial feeding milk
As a newborn parent, how to mix milk powder correctly is a necessary skill. For the infants who adopt the artificial feeding mode, the calculation of the artificial feeding amount can not be ignored.
1. Formula of artificial feeding
Milk volume (daily) = 100 & times; [110 & times; weight (kg)] / 86
2. Correct mixing method of milk powder
The following two calculation methods are recommended for the correct mixing of milk powder:
&Middot; by weight
The milk powder can be mixed in the proportion of 7:1. One part of milk plus seven parts of water can complete the nutrition of the milk water needed by the baby. However, this method is really careless and not very practical in real life.
&Middot; calculation by volume
Each milliliter of milk powder has its own apparent density, so you should make milk powder according to different apparent density. It is suggested that when preparing milk powder, the proportion of milk powder and water should be 1:4, that is, one milk powder should be added to four parts of water. Of course, according to the dosage of milk powder of different months, novice parents should pay attention to the packaging of milk powder before each mixing. Now, the package of milk powder can find the detailed description of milk powder dosage of different months, mixing method, daily feeding times and other related matters.
3. Key steps of milk powder preparation
(1) prepare drinking warm boiled water (60 ℃) in advance as required.
(2) take out the required amount of milk powder with a special scoop of milk powder to ensure that each scoop of milk powder is neither piled high nor compacted. Because the amount is too much, the milk is too thick, easy to cause diarrhea, constipation or obesity, and even damage the kidney. However, insufficient quantity and too thin milk will slow the growth of children's weight and affect their growth and development.
(3) prepare a suitable measuring cup and pour the milk powder into it once.
(4) disinfect the spoon, and then mix the milk powder until it dissolves completely.
(5) when the milk is completely dissolved, filter it through the sterilizing funnel and pour it into the bottle for feeding.
(6) if heating is needed, hot water can be used to heat the prepared milk. It is not recommended to use microwave oven for heating. Except for radiation, it is not easy to control the temperature and easy to burn the baby.
IV. time arrangement for sleep and lactation of newborn
1. Time of first lactation
Generally, the first hour after birth is a sensitive period. After the baby is born, half an hour or so, it is suggested to arrange the baby to try breast milk. Because usually at this time, babies have the strongest sucking reflex. If the newborn missed the best time of sucking experience, it is likely to affect the sucking ability in the future.
2. Breast feeding schedule
Within two weeks after birth, experts suggest that mothers breastfeed as needed. Because at this time, the rigid arrangement of lactation time and times, but limit the baby to eat and drink enough, healthy growth. But the mother also needs to pay attention, if the baby sleeps more than 3 hours, the mother should try to wake up the baby, ready to breastfeed. There are also tips on how to wake up a sleeping baby properly. It is recommended that you try to change your baby's diaper, gently rub his ear lobes or touch other small hands and feet to try to wake up the baby. It is necessary to wait for the baby to open his eyes and fully wake up before breastfeeding the baby to avoid swallowing danger.
3. Artificial feeding schedule
Newborns mainly eat milk, they will self-regulation to form their own diet. So, what the new parents need to do is to carefully observe and choose the right time to feed the baby. Experts suggest that mixed or bottle fed babies need to be fed every 3-4 hours. If the newborn does not want to drink milk actively, the mother should also wake it up and try to feed. Feeding interval is too long, easy to cause abnormal blood sugar and unbalanced nutrition absorption.
4. Frequent observation of lactation on demand
In addition, frequent sucking can effectively stimulate the mother to secrete prolactin, make the milk secretion more vigorous, at the same time, it can help to eliminate the mother's feeling of milk swelling, and prevent the occurrence of mastitis. But it's important to remind novice mothers that breastfeeding on demand doesn't mean that a baby needs to be fed as soon as it cries. Mothers need to pay attention to the cause of baby crying and make reasonable judgment. Pay attention not to feed milk frequently, otherwise it will not only affect the mother's rest, but also may cause the mother to lack sufficient time to secrete milk, on the contrary, it will cause less milk, form a vicious circle, and the baby will not get enough nutrition. Generally, the first day can be fed once every 15-20 minutes, the second and third days every 4 minutes, and then 8-10 minutes. After the second week of birth, the baby can be fed 4-5 times in the day and 2 times at night to ensure the healthy growth of the baby.