March 8 of each year is international women's day, which is an exclusive festival for women. This festival is used to express respect for women and women's status. So when did women's day begin? What kind of development? This article brings you the origin and development of March 8 women's day. Let's learn about this women's day.
Women's Day - Introduction
The full name of international working women's Day is "United Nations women's rights and international day of peace", also known as "International Women's Day", "March 8" and "March 8 women's Day". It is a festival for women all over the world to strive for peace, equality and development.
From March 8, 1909, the working women's strike, parade and rally in Chicago, the United States, to the 21st century, it has gone through more than a hundred years. In different regions, the focus of celebration is different, from ordinary celebration of respect and love for women to celebration of women's achievements in the economic, political and social fields. Since the festival started as a political event initiated by socialist feminists, it is integrated with the cultures of many countries, mainly in Europe, including Russia.
The United Nations began to celebrate International Women's day in 1975, recognizing the tradition of ordinary women striving for equal participation in society. In 1997, the General Assembly adopted a resolution requesting each country to choose a day of the year to be declared the United Nations Day for women's rights and world peace in accordance with its own history and national traditions and customs. United Nations initiatives had led to the establishment of a national legal framework for achieving gender equality and had raised public awareness of the urgent need to improve the status of women in all aspects.
Women's Day - origin
The first generation of Western Feminism: Western Feminism originated after the French bourgeois revolution and the enlightenment. The first generation appeared in the second half of the 19th century, synchronized with the European industrial revolution. The initial appeal was that women should be equal in education and legislation, and equal with men in economy. They mainly appeal for women's liberation from the economic aspect. Some socialists in China in the 1920s and 1940s were influenced by feminism, mainly belonging to this generation. During this period, feminism has not yet risen to the theoretical level, mainly some practical activities, such as Clara & middot; Tsai Tekin led the women's movement for equal pay for equal work, and 'Three & middot; The birth of International Women's day.
Historical events:
On March 8, 1857, women garment and textile workers in New York held a protest against the inhumane working environment, 12 hour working system and low salary. The marchers were besieged and dispersed by the police. Two years later, in March, the women organized their first trade union.
On March 8, 1908, 15000 women marched in New York City, demanding to shorten working hours, improve labor remuneration and enjoy the right to vote, and prohibit the use of child labour. Their slogan is bread and rose. Bread symbolizes economic security and rose symbolizes better quality of life. In May, the American socialist party decided to take the last Sunday of February as the domestic women's day.
Women's Day - Development
Before World War I, the shadow of war shrouded the world, and imperialism tried to carve up colonies. In August 1910, the second women's Congress of international socialists was held in Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark. The meeting decided to take March 8 every year as the struggle day for women all over the world, which was unanimously supported by the participants. Since then, 'March 8th' women's day has become a festival for women in the world to fight for rights and liberation. March 8, 1911 was the first international working women's day. Since the International Year of women in 1975, the United Nations has held activities to celebrate International Women's day on March 8 every year.
Women's Day - the new trend of thought in the period of the Republic of China was popular in China
Compared with those ancient festivals, women's Day was born in a very short time. It was only introduced into China during the Republic of China, less than 100 years ago. During the period of the Republic of China, Western learning moved eastward, and all kinds of new thoughts, new ideas and new things came one after another. Women's Day is one of them. As a symbol of women's liberation, women's Day was soon accepted by Chinese women and became a happy festival and a pronoun of equality and freedom.
In 1927, the national government moved from Guangdong to Wuhan, and Wuhan became the center of the national revolutionary movement. On this year's women's day, several young women participated in the commemoration activities naked, complained about the pain of foot binding and chest binding, and insisted on putting their feet, cutting their hair and breast (no chest binding). For their behavior, all sectors of society have different opinions, but they have played a role in leading the trend. In July 1927, Guangdong Province, the headquarters of the Kuomintang, held a meeting and passed the case of banning women's breast binding proposed by Zhu Jiahua, director of civil affairs.