How to take the national college entrance examination in 2017?
In October 2016, Jiang Gang, director of the examination center of the Ministry of education, wrote an article in China Education Daily, explaining the latest reform direction of college entrance examination. What is "one body, four layers and four wings"? Jiang Gang replied, which is actually to answer the question of "why test", "what test" and "how test" from the top-level design.
After the reform of the 2014 college entrance examination, "take drawings and make plans", in 2015, "lay the foundation and focus on construction", in 2016, "adjust layout and overcome difficulties", in 2017, the college entrance examination shoulders the important task of exploring and constructing the "one body, four layers and four wings" college entrance examination evaluation system.
One
Jiang Gang, director of the examination center of the Ministry of Education: "integration" is the evaluation system of the college entrance examination. Through the establishment of the core position of "moral cultivation, service selection and guiding teaching", the question of "why to take the examination" was answered.
unscramble
No matter how important the college entrance examination is, it is also a part of education. It must be subordinated to the fundamental goal of education in our country, which is to build morality and cultivate people.
College entrance examination is a selective examination. It is to select suitable talents for colleges and universities, especially for high-level universities. The test questions must be difficult to distinguish candidates of different levels. We can't think that if the college entrance examination is to be reformed and it's easy to go to university, the difficulty of proposition will be reduced.
"Guiding teaching" actually means "college entrance examination = teaching baton". No matter in high school teaching, junior high school teaching or primary school teaching, we should pay close attention to this baton.
four layers
By clarifying the four levels of "necessary knowledge, key ability, subject accomplishment and core value", this paper answers the question of "what to test" in the college entrance examination.
Circle 1: 'necessary knowledge'
Jiang Gang, director of the examination center of the Ministry of education, stressed that it is necessary for students to master the basic and general knowledge in the long-term study of knowledge reserve.
unscramble
Although the college entrance examination is a selective examination, it also has at least 60% of the basic questions. Most of these knowledge is clearly reflected in the teaching materials. The test method is that the examples and exercises in the teaching materials can be skillfully solved.
Circle 2: key capabilities
Jiang Gang, director of the examination center of the Ministry of education, focuses on the application ability of students' knowledge, and emphasizes the crucial ability of students to adapt to the changing society in the future, such as independent thinking, problem analysis, problem solving, communication and cooperation.
The third circle: Discipline literacy
Jiang Gang, director of the examination center of the Ministry of Education: students are required to be able to comprehensively use the knowledge and skills they have learned to handle complex tasks in different situations, have a solid discipline concept and broad discipline vision, and reflect their own practical ability, innovative spirit and other internal comprehensive discipline elements.
unscramble
In the examination of "key ability" and "subject accomplishment", we should grasp the two words "thinking" and "wide".
Thinking is to think more about each test question: what is the examination knowledge? How many solutions are there? Have you seen similar test questions? Is the answer organized smoothly?
Broad -- it means to extensively cover the relevant contents of the discipline: in addition to textbooks and various high-quality test questions, there are also relevant readings and the latest progress in the discipline field.
The fourth circle: core value
Jiang Gang, director of the examination center of the Ministry of Education: students are required to gradually form correct core values in the process of knowledge accumulation, ability improvement and quality cultivation. It also embodies the educational function and political mission of "persisting in morality, strengthening education of socialist core value system" and "enhancing students' sense of social responsibility".
Four wings
Jiang Gang, director of the examination center of the Ministry of education, answered the question of "how to test" by clarifying the requirements of "basic, comprehensive, applied and innovative" examination.
The basic requirements are mainly reflected in the students' basic knowledge, basic ability and basic accomplishment to adapt to university study or social development, including comprehensive and reasonable knowledge structure, solid and flexible ability requirements and healthy personality accomplishment.
The comprehensive requirements are mainly reflected in the students' ability to comprehensively use different subject knowledge, thought methods, observe and think from multiple perspectives, find, analyze and solve problems.
The application requirements are mainly reflected in that students should be good at observing phenomena, actively and flexibly apply the knowledge they have learned to analyze and solve practical problems, apply the knowledge to practice, and have a strong ability of combining theory with practice and practice.
The requirement of innovation is that students should have independent thinking ability, critical and innovative thinking mode.
Highlights of 2017 provincial college entrance examination reform
I. six provinces launch the college entrance examination reform
Six provinces, including Beijing, Hunan, Hainan, Jiangxi, Shandong and Tianjin, will start the comprehensive reform of college entrance examination from the first year high school students enrolled in the autumn of 2017, and will no longer divide arts and Sciences. Liberal arts and science are not divided into subjects, which means that each student can choose and test some subjects according to their own interests, specialties and advantages, so that students can play their strengths.
It is worth mentioning that although the reform plan of college entrance examination in Xinjiang has not yet been published, according to local media, the reform plan of Xinjiang's enrollment system will be implemented in 2019. At that time, since 2019, the academic test results will be included in the college entrance examination results.
From a national perspective, except for Shanghai and Zhejiang, which were the first to launch the reform of college entrance examination in 2014, other provinces started the reform of college entrance examination from 2017 to 2019.
II. In 2017, multiple places merged the admission batches
In the reform of college entrance examination, the merger of admission batches is also a bright spot, and many places will merge some admission batches this year.
Beijing
Beijing will start the comprehensive reform of college entrance examination in 2017. For the freshmen who entered in the autumn of 2017, the senior high school academic level examination will be carried out, and the qualification examination and grade examination will be carried out. The academic level examination included in the total score of college enrollment will be presented in grades, while the other subjects will be presented in 'qualified and unqualified'. The three batches of undergraduate will be cancelled and merged with the two batches of undergraduate; the English listening examination will be separated from the written examination, two in a year Second, the implementation of computer tests.
Shandong
Cancel the batch and merge one or two copies
Since 2017, Shandong summer college entrance examination has carried out the reform of enrollment batch and filing enrollment mode. Except for the approval in advance, the same batch of enrollment will be carried out for undergraduate enrollment. That is to say, since 2017, the original batch of undergraduate colleges and universities will become one with the second and the third.
Comprehensive evaluation of college enrollment or increase
In 2016, nine universities in Shandong Province took the lead in implementing the comprehensive evaluation of enrollment, but based on the unified college entrance examination results of examinees, high school academic level examination results and school assessment (comprehensive quality evaluation + interview), a multiple evaluation of enrollment based on the proportion of comprehensive performance. In 2017, the number of participating universities will increase.
Cancellation of the bonus items for ethnic minorities
In 2017, the college entrance examination Bonus project of 'ethnic minority candidates in mountainous areas and ethnic minority areas' was cancelled. In this way, there are still "martyrs' children", "retired soldiers in independent employment", "retired soldiers with second-class merit (included) or above who have been awarded honorary titles by units above the military area (included)" returned overseas Chinese, overseas Chinese children, returned overseas Chinese children and Taiwan Provincial candidates "in the bonus program.
Henan
Since 2017, the second batch of undergraduate programs and the third batch of undergraduate programs have been admitted together, gradually reducing the number of ordinary undergraduate programs.
With the reform of college entrance examination mode, there will be a significant change in the way of examinees' filling in and reporting their wishes in the next few years -- from giving priority to schools to majors. For example, if a candidate wants to major in English, all his applications will be English majors, so there is a huge space for him to choose his major. At that time, whether a major is good or not will determine the fate of the school. If a major in a university is not good, there will be no candidates to fill in.
Hainan
Since 2017, Hainan Province has incorporated the first batch of undergraduate programs and the second batch of undergraduate programs. From 2020, only undergraduate and specialty batches will be set up in Hainan Province. Parallel voluntary filing and admission will be implemented in sub schools to increase the two-way choice opportunities for colleges and students.
Zhejiang?
On January 6, Zhejiang Provincial Education and Examination Institute announced the enrollment plan of 2017 new college entrance examination. According to the new enrollment policy, since 2017, enrollment is no longer divided into arts and Sciences, but into three categories: general category, art category and sports category. Among them, there are four major changes in general Majors:
Change the original batch to no batch;
Instead of filling in the application form in batches and taking in batches, fill in the application form in sections and taking in sections according to the scores of examinees;
Changing school parallel volunteer to professional parallel volunteer;
Instead of early admission in batches, only one early admission will be set.
According to the new scheme, candidates can fill in up to 80 applications. The reason why the maximum number of volunteers is set at 80 is mainly to consider that in the early stage of the reform, the number of volunteers should be more, not less, so as to ensure that candidates' volunteer choice opportunities are basically the same as the original opportunities, which is conducive to the smooth connection of the old and new methods, and also takes into account the needs of different candidates who value schools and majors.
Yunnan
Yunnan has made it clear that on the basis of the implementation of parallel voluntary filing in liberal arts and Sciences, parallel voluntary filing in all disciplines will be realized, and the division of admission batches for the first and second specialized schools at the specialty level will be cancelled. Since 2017, we will further improve the parallel voluntary filing method and gradually optimize the admission batches at the undergraduate level.
Tibet
Tibet said that since 2017, it has created conditions to gradually cancel the batch of college enrollment, improve the way of parallel voluntary filing, and increase the two-way choice opportunities between ordinary colleges and students.
3. Zhejiang and Shanghai college entrance examination subjects adopt the "3 + 3" mode
In 2017, Shanghai and Zhejiang will usher in the first batch of graduates after the college entrance examination reform pilot (launched in 2014).
In this year's college entrance examination, subjects in Zhejiang and Shanghai will adopt the "3 + 3" mode. '3 + 3' mode refers to that the college entrance examination results of the candidates who apply for the general undergraduate colleges and universities will be composed of three unified college entrance examination results of Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages and three grades of the general senior high school academic level examination subjects selected by the candidates. Students are no longer divided into arts and Sciences, but can choose their own subjects.
Shanghai adopts the "6-to-3" mode, that is, three subjects are selected as examination subjects independently from the six subjects of ideology, politics, history, geography, physics, chemistry and biology. Zhejiang adopts the "7-to-3" mode. In addition to the six subjects mentioned above, the "technology (including general technology and information technology)" subject has also been added.
It is worth noting that the foreign language examinations in Zhejiang and Shanghai are two examinations a year. High school students from both places can take up to two foreign language tests, and can choose one of the better scores to be included in the total score of the college entrance examination.
The total score of the two places is different. The total score of Zhejiang college entrance examination is 750 points, including 150 points for each subject of Chinese, mathematics and foreign language, 100 points for each subject of 3 selected subjects; 660 points for Shanghai college entrance examination, including 150 points for each subject of Chinese, mathematics and foreign language, 70 points for each subject of 3 selected subjects.
Schedule of college entrance examination reform attached