Sihai network

What are the new changes in 2017's college entrance examination? What are the new majors in 2017?

Four Seas network integration: just this weekend, many universities, such as Peking University, Tsinghua University, Renmin University of China, Beijing Normal University, held campus opening day, warming up for the coming new enrollment. At the enrollment consultation held during the opening day, all schools introduced new measures in enrollment and education: focusing on national strategic needs, general education, large-scale enrollment and giving students full freedom of personality have become common features in enrollment and education.

New specialty -- training compound talents

In 2017, many colleges and universities added new professional directions, which are all focused on national needs.

For example, Tsinghua University has added two undergraduate majors, landscape architecture and civil engineering. Among them, the major of landscape architecture covers science, engineering, agriculture, culture and other fields, mainly cultivating high-level landscape design and planning, construction and management talents with excellent comprehensive quality, practical ability and innovative spirit. The major of traffic engineering combines the needs of the urbanization process of our country and serves the major strategic needs of national traffic engineering. It aims to cultivate high-end compound talents in traffic field with multi-disciplinary thinking, global vision and strong communication ability, and strive to promote the development of traffic engineering discipline of Tsinghua University to a new height.

Based on the training of top-notch innovative talents and serving the national strategic needs, Tsinghua University has also added two undergraduate training programs. One is that the school of Social Sciences in the humanities and society category has added the professional direction of international affairs and global governance. The other is that the world literature and culture experimental class (the "world literature class") has been officially incorporated into the "Tsinghua University Talent Training Plan".

Liu Zhen, director of the Admissions Office of Tsinghua University, introduced that the undergraduate program of international affairs and global governance has three very important characteristics. One is to shape the sense of mission of the community of human destiny of students, which requires students to understand the world history, the context and operation mechanism of the international community and international organizations during the training; the other is to improve the cross-cultural cooperation and leadership ability of students to go to international organizations When working with partners of different colors and languages, they not only have no sense of strangeness, but also have excellent negotiation ability and leadership. Third, they should consolidate diversified fields and background knowledge. It is not enough to only pass the language test in international organizations, but also master background knowledge and excellent skills in corresponding fields.

This year, Renmin University of China will set up three undergraduate programs in "world history", "data science and big data technology" and "labor economics". "World history majors try to pay attention to the evolution and development trend of the ancient and modern world pattern, combine the learning of world history with their own development and the rejuvenation of the nation, aiming to cultivate comprehensive professionals with solid knowledge of world history, strong cross-cultural understanding, excellent foreign language application ability and broad international vision, so as to meet the needs of national social development. The major of data science and big data technology aims to cultivate compound talents who not only master the professional knowledge of statistical analysis, computing technology and computer technology, but also are familiar with the application field of data science, so as to meet the urgent needs of the country for data science talents. The major of labor economics aims to cultivate compound professionals with good general education, top-level economic basic training and frontier labor economics. 'introduction of the head of the Admissions Office of Renmin University of China.

The main value of university is to cultivate the next generation to inherit civilization and promote human progress for the future. "To this end, Gao Song, vice president and Dean of Peking University, introduced that there are many uncertainties in the future, and the problems encountered are more complex, comprehensive, global and constantly changing. These problems are often not solved by a single discipline or by one person alone. In the future, they will bring opportunities and challenges to the cultivation of talents in universities, which should change with time.

Strengthen foundation -- pay attention to general knowledge and professional core competence

People who are familiar with higher education know that in recent years, colleges and universities, especially key colleges and universities, are adjusting their undergraduate talent training programs. On this year's open campus day, general education, strengthening the foundation and promoting cross cutting have become the key words of talent training programs in Colleges and universities.

According to the introduction, Peking University is carrying out a major revision of the teaching program, with the outstanding feature of condensing the core courses of the major, that is, the most important basic knowledge and ability framework that the major should have. In the design of talent training program, the bottom layer is the public basic course, and above it is the subject basic course, namely the large-scale platform course, and then the professional core course. On top of this, there are professional direction modules and interdisciplinary modules, and then honor courses. Based on such a framework, students can go all the way up if they have a very clear professional direction after entering the school. However, if some students have other interests and hobbies after entering Peking University, they can choose professional modules or interdisciplinary modules, or they can get a major degree and a minor degree by studying two professional core courses.

"This means that the basic compulsory part accounts for 50% - 60% of credits, and the rest 40% - 50% are self constructed. The reason for this design is to strengthen the basic courses and encourage students to choose their own learning modules and content according to their own interests, hobbies and future development ideas. "Introduction to the relevant person in charge of Peking University Recruitment Office.

In the same way, in 2017, in the new round of large-scale training reform, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics also paid more attention to the cultivation of interdisciplinary ability and the comprehensive quality cultivation of both general knowledge and specialty. Through the revision of training program, the transformation from professional education to personalized cultivation of both general knowledge and specialty was realized. "General education should be carried out in the first and second grade, and professional setting and training with wide caliber and large platform should be carried out. After one year's training, we will fully respect the students' personal wishes, select the professional college to continue learning under the professional guidance of the teachers according to the students' learning interests and abilities, and select the preferred major in the professional college at the end of the second year. "Introduced by Ma Jinxi, director of the Admissions Office of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

'if there is a change in professional interest, students can still make professional transformation according to their own needs in the following years of study. Ma Jinxi said: 'these measures not only improve the learning motivation of freshmen and the enthusiasm of professional colleges, but also more in line with the current trend of higher education reform with interdisciplinary disciplines and weakened professional boundaries, and in line with the development direction of undergraduate talent training in first-class universities. '

Large scale enrollment -- expanding the space for students to choose their major

This year, many colleges and universities across the country have achieved all major categories of enrollment. Taking Tsinghua University as an example, in 2017, Tsinghua University will integrate all majors into undergraduate enrollment into 16 major categories, namely: construction, civil engineering, environment, chemical industry and new materials, machinery, aviation and power, energy, electronic information, computer, automation and industrial engineering, mathematics and chemistry, Economy, finance and management, humanities and society, law, art, liberal arts and clinical medicine. When filling in the application form, students will need to fill in the application form according to the major category. In the first year of the University, all students will accept the general education courses, professional guidance courses, professional basic courses, etc., complete the professional confirmation before the end of the first year of the University, and start the professional study in the relevant departments in the second year of the University.

Beihang will also recruit students according to the eight categories of aerospace and information. To this end, Xu Huibin, President of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, believes that "implementing large-scale enrollment and allowing students to obtain more independent options in training is the development trend of higher education in the world, which is in line with the development direction of undergraduate talent training in first-class universities. '

"The large-scale enrollment not only reduces the blindness of examinees' filling in and reporting their wishes, but also gives examinees greater freedom of choice, breaks the boundaries of disciplines, and is conducive to the cultivation of interdisciplinary, compound and high-quality talents. At the same time, the reform of large-scale enrollment, training and management is also a good thing for the candidates in Zhejiang and Shanghai, the province of college entrance examination reform. Because according to the new college entrance examination reform plan, there is no longer a statement about which school to enroll in, but directly fill in the application according to the major. For example, Zhejiang examinees can fill in up to 80 professional parallel applications. After enrolling students according to the major categories, it reduces the difficulty of candidates' voluntary filling, and also takes into account the candidates' professional choice space. '

Respect for students' individual choice is also an outstanding feature of this year's college talent training concept. Peking University has opened the shared curriculum resources, allowing students to choose courses within the scope of the University, and at the same time, expanding the freedom of transferring departments to majors.

Beijing Normal University also allows students to make a second choice of major after entering the University, not only without the threshold of transfer out, but also across the arts and Sciences. At the end of the first and second academic years, students can apply independently and transfer to the Department for assessment, so as to change their majors for students with expertise. In addition, the school also sets up free elective credits. Students have the opportunity to choose professional compulsory courses and elective courses for all majors of the school according to their personal development plans and interests. Advanced research courses are set up for excellent undergraduates, and basic courses for graduate degree are opened to meet the development needs of students.

The undergraduate education should break the education model based on departments and give students more choices. "The heads of teaching in Colleges and universities have expressed such views.

All recruitment and talent training program adjustments, the direction behind is to cultivate what kind of people.

Many years ago, Mr. Hu Shi had a very detailed metaphor for the essence of education. He said: 'education is to wear a pair of glasses with light. After wearing these glasses, you can see what you can't see before and what you can't see. The same is true of universities. A person who has been taught in universities should learn to think independently, to judge objectively and to reason systematically. '

"University education should realize the trinity of value building, ability training and knowledge imparting", Liu Zhen introduced. In this regard, Gao Song further explained that 'our university education should lay the foundation for students' future life, understand nature, society and themselves, learn to think independently, analyze and judge, express clearly, cooperate and communicate, practice and innovate, learn to take responsibility, and learn to learn the ability to master anything in future life. '