"Spring is the plan of the year". Tomorrow is the solar term of spring. Spring is the first solar term among the 24 solar terms and one of the important traditional folk festivals. "Li" means "start". Since the Qin Dynasty, spring has been the beginning of spring in China.
Since ancient times, Spring Festival is a major festival, called the Spring Festival. At the beginning of spring, the son of heaven went to the eastern suburbs to welcome the spring with his three gongs and nine Qings, and the princes and officials, praying for a good harvest. This kind of activity affects the people and makes it a national spring festival activity for generations to come.
What are the customs of spring?
Winter jasmine
Welcome spring is an important activity of spring. You must prepare in advance and perform rehearsal, commonly known as performance spring. The Spring Festival is held the day before the beginning of spring, with the purpose of bringing back spring and Jumang God.
The sentence awn is the God of spring, that is, the God of plants and life. The image of Jumang is the human face and the bird body. It obeys the rules and controls the spring affairs. In the Zhou Dynasty, there was an east hall to welcome the spring, which showed that the sacrificial sentence had a long history. "One day before the beginning of spring, niumang God of Yingchun entered the government's office and set up Lu Peng II. There are mang gods in the East and West, and spring cattle in the West. The image is colorful. All men and women are allowed to look at it. By the beginning of spring, the soldiers of & hellip & hellip; fight and burn, so it is called fighting spring. 'then, people snatch the pieces of the spring cattle home as auspicious.
Ancestor worship
In many areas, ancestors are sacrificed at the beginning of spring. For example, in the annals of Xin'an County, Guangdong Province, it is said that 'the folk have daily affairs in ancestral hall'. In the beginning of spring, the food for ancestors is also special. "Ruyang County annals" of Henan Province says: 'set up spring feast, eat spring cake, recommend Bu, pear. 'in some places, the rite of spring is called' biting spring '.
Whip cow
Bianchun cattle, also known as biantu cattle, originated early and has been preserved since then. However, it was changed in spring and prevailed in Tang and Song Dynasties, especially after song Renzong issued the "Tu Niu Jing", which made the custom of biantu cattle spread more widely and became an important part of folk culture.
The significance of whipping spring cattle is not limited to sending cold air and promoting spring ploughing, but also has certain witchcraft significance. Shandong folk want to smash the local cattle. People are fighting for the land of spring cattle, which is called "seizing spring". It's lucky to seize the head of cattle. When the spring cattle are molded, they often need to put grains in their stomachs. When the cattle are broken, the grains flow out. People laughed and picked up grains and put them back in their warehouses, indicating that they were full of grain.
Avoid spring
In traditional folklore, it's time to hide in spring. Because the climate begins to change on the day of spring, the new gas field will have a negative impact on some people, and even more will affect the luck of the year, so the custom of hiding spring has emerged. In the folk, different places have different customs and taboos, which also extends a variety of hiding methods and customs.
The customs left behind by the tradition can't have a quarrel with each other on the day of spring. We must greet this day with harmony and peace. In some places, it is not suitable to move, visit sick patients and attend funerals on the day of hiding in spring, so as not to provoke bad luck and affect the luck of the whole year.
Occupy gas
Spring is the first of the 24 solar terms, and the belief of occupying Qi has been formed in the spring and Autumn period. "Kong Yingda Shu": "every spring and autumn, winter and summer solstice, spring and summer are the beginning, autumn and winter are the closing. On the day of these eight festivals, you will go to the viewing platform and write about the clouds and things you see. If there is cloud variation, it is the age of the demon Xiang both see, it will be tested after the book, for the preparation of the reason. It can be seen that in the spring and Autumn period, as a kind of custom, climbing high to observe the clouds and divining calculation began to take shape.
Spring outing
After the Spring Festival, we began to swim in the spring. The gongs, drums and guards of honor of each village and community walked in front of us, and the huge statue of spring cattle carried by four or eight people walked behind us. Walking and dancing, gongs and drums are loud, firecrackers are blaring, and the procession is vast and spectacular, and it has traveled all the streets and alleys of the surrounding villages.
Spring Club
Spring society is a time when ancient spring worships the God of land. The Zhou Dynasty is the first day, and the fifth day after spring. Wang Jia, a poet of Tang Dynasty, wrote the poem "social day": "sang zheying's shadow is inclined to spring and society is scattered, and his family's support is intoxicating. 'it can be seen that the ancients attached great importance to the sacrifice of the Social God, which later became a custom handed down, meaning that the earth breeds all things, prays for sacrifice, so as to pray for the prosperity of the six beasts and the harvest.
Paste Yichun calligraphy and painting
When spring came, Yichun calligraphy and painting were pasted on the wall of the gate. This custom existed in the Tang Dynasty. According to records: on spring day, people in Chang'an of Tang Dynasty often put up calligraphy and paintings of greeting spring and wishing good luck on the door, which are called "Yichun characters" and "Yichun paintings", such as "welcoming spring", "pleasant spring", "bright spring", "warm spring and blooming flowers".
Dai Chun chicken
Dai Chunji is an old custom of the people in Tongchuan, Shaanxi Province. Every spring day, make a cock about 3cm long with cloth and sew it on the top of the child's hat to express the best wishes for spring. At the beginning of spring, women put string beans on the horns of cattle or hemp beans on the cattle, thinking that this can prevent children from measles.
Swallow swallow
It is an old custom for people in Guanzhong to wear swallows. Every spring day, people like to wear 'swallows' cut from colored silk on their chests. This custom started in the Tang Dynasty and is still popular in the countryside. Because swallows are the herald of spring and the symbol of happiness and auspiciousness. Therefore, many wealthy families build swallow nests in the middle or under the eaves of their own halls. As long as you can put a small pad on the wall under the purlins or eaves of the halls and write the words "spring swallow comes and goes", the swallows can build their own nests.
Chun Chun Yu
Hanging spring ear is a traditional custom, which spreads in Chengcheng area of Shaanxi Province. Every year on spring day, women weave all kinds of cloth into spikes, or wrap all kinds of 'wheat spikes' with colored threads. Then it can be hung on children or young people, or on animals, such as donkeys, horses and oxen, so as to wish good weather and good harvest in the coming year.