Internal factors
1. Pressure: when people are under pressure, they will secrete adrenaline to prepare for pressure. If you are under pressure for a long time, the balance of human metabolism will be destroyed, the nutrient supply required by the skin will slow down, and the pigment mother cells will become very active.
2. Hormone secretion disorder: the female hormone estrogen contained in the contraceptive will stimulate the secretion of melanin cells and form uneven spots. Although the spots formed by the contraceptive will stop after the interruption of medication, they will still stay on the skin for a long time. During pregnancy, due to the increase of female hormone estrogen, from 4-5 months of pregnancy, it is easy to appear spots, and most of the spots will disappear after delivery. However, abnormal metabolism, skin exposed to strong ultraviolet rays, mental stress and other reasons, will make the spot deepen. Sometimes new spots will not disappear after delivery, so more attention should be paid.
3. Slow metabolism: abnormal metabolism of the liver or decreased ovarian function can also appear plaque. Because metabolism is not smooth, or endocrine
Maladjustment of the body in a sensitive state aggravates the pigment problem. Constipation can form plaque, which is actually caused by endocrine imbalance and allergic constitution. When the body condition is not normal, ultraviolet radiation will also accelerate the formation of spots.
4. Wrong use of cosmetics: the use of cosmetics that are not suitable for your skin will lead to skin allergy. In the process of treatment, if you irradiate too much ultraviolet light, the skin will gather melanin in the inflamed parts in order to resist the invasion of the outside world, which will lead to the problem of pigmentation.
External factors
1. Ultraviolet: when exposed to ultraviolet light, the human body produces a lot of melanin in the basal layer in order to protect the skin. So in order to protect the skin, more pigment will gather in the sensitive parts. Often exposed to strong sunlight, not only promote the aging of the skin, but also cause black spots, freckles and other pigmented skin diseases.
2. Bad cleaning habits: strong cleaning habits make the skin sensitive, which will stimulate the skin itself. When the skin is sensitive, the human body in order to protect the skin, melanin cells will secrete a lot of melanin, when the pigment excess, there will be spots, blemishes and other skin pigmentation problems.
3. Genetic: parents with long spots, the probability of my long spot is very high, this situation to a certain extent can determine the role of genetic genes. So the family, especially the elders with long spots, should pay attention to avoid ultraviolet radiation, which is one of the important factors causing spots. This is the prevention of plaque must pay attention to.
Classification of spots
Haemoglobin plaques
Because of vascular disease, most of them are formed near the zygomatic bone. In addition to good external maintenance, it is absolutely necessary to take healthy food to adjust the physique. Postinflammatory pigmentation,
The most common is the pigmentation left after acne inflammation. In addition, any trauma, dermatitis, surgery, laser treatment of nevus, etc., will leave pigmentation. The darker the skin color, the more sunlight, the more difficult it is to fade pigmentation. Ointment and sunscreen measures for the treatment of black spots will improve the lesions.
age spots
Senile plaques, known as' senile pigmented plaques', also known as seborrheic keratosis in medicine. It refers to a kind of lipofuscin pigmented plaque on the skin of the elderly. It belongs to a kind of benign epidermal proliferative tumor. It usually appears in the face, forehead, back, neck, chest, etc., and sometimes it may also appear in the upper limbs and other parts. Most of them begin to grow after the age of 50, and most of them are seen in the elderly, which is also called "longevity spot". Modern medical research shows that this nickname does not live up to its name. It is not a symbol of longevity. Experts found that with the growth of the average age of the population, senile plaques are not common among the elderly, accounting for only 27%.
Mercury spot
Some people have dark spots on their skin, but they don't know how to protect them. It's said that some whitening products have been used, but these products have not been tested to see if they contain mercury. Although they can whiten temporarily, the residual mercury and toxins will cause more damage to the skin and even the kidney. Some bad manufacturers will add mercury to the whitening cream, and the short-term bleaching effect will be obvious. However, if used for a long time, Mercury will precipitate in the skin, which will turn black and blacker, which is commonly known as mercury spots.
Sweat spots
Melanin is produced by melanocytes in the basal cell layer between the epidermis and dermis.
Congenital melanocytic nevus: it is found at birth. Some of them have long hair on the surface, ranging from 0.5cm to dozens of CM, even on the whole face and body, like a werewolf or wearing animal skin. It is best to remove the nevus by surgery as soon as possible, because the nevus cells are deep and fat layer, so electric burn or laser can not completely remove, leaving scars and the risk of malignant lesions.
Mongolian spot
This kind of melanin cell proliferation range, from the corner of the mouth to the forehead may be connected into a dark blue gray spot, the vast majority is unilateral, there are also a few cases of bilateral, which is characterized by the sclera of the eye (white) part also has dark blue spots. It may be light at birth, more and more dark. Some people don't have it when they are born, and it's only in childhood or even adolescence.
Black spot
People with thin and dry skin will be more obvious, which may be due to the neglect of maintenance and incomplete sunscreen work, which makes melanin easily float to the surface of the skin. It is the most common beauty problem for middle-aged women (men also produce black spots, but it is rare). Usually in the cheek, forehead, upper lip and chin, produce a whole piece of ochre brown spot, because of the relationship between color, also known as liver spot. The causes and worsening factors include pregnancy, oral contraceptives, some drugs (such as antiepileptic drugs) and sun exposure. The vast majority of people are hard to fade naturally once they are born.
Melasma
Irregular dark brown pigment spots occur on the face, around the eyes and lips. They are common in middle-aged women. The color of brown spots will become thick when they are overworked or menstruated. They are also often produced when a woman is pregnant for 2 to 3 months, also known as gestational spots. They will disappear naturally after childbirth for 1 to 2 months.