Penicillin has been used in clinic for more than 60 years, and it is still the first choice for the treatment of various bacterial infectious diseases. This is due to the good antibacterial effect of penicillin, exact curative effect, less adverse reactions and low price.
Although penicillin has many advantages, it has a prominent disadvantage: drug allergic reaction, which can lead to anaphylactic shock in severe cases. Anaphylactic shock can occur within minutes after injection. The symptoms are as follows: laryngeal edema, dyspnea, pale complexion, weak pulse, decreased blood pressure, incontinence of urine and urine, and coma and convulsion soon appear. If the rescue is not timely, the patient may die in a short time.
In order to prevent the occurrence of anaphylactic shock, skin test must be done before the application of penicillin. A few people are very sensitive to penicillin and may cause anaphylactic shock during skin test. Therefore, necessary rescue drugs should be prepared before the skin test. During the skin test, the patient should be closely observed. In case of allergy, 0.1% epinephrine injection should be injected subcutaneously immediately, and infusion, oxygen inhalation and adrenal cortical hormone infusion should be carried out according to the needs, and pressure boosting drugs and other necessary rescue measures should be used.
Even if the skin test is negative, allergic reactions may occur during the course of medication. Therefore, close observation should be carried out for 20 minutes after the injection, and the patient can leave only after no reaction. ,
There were cross allergic reactions among different penicillin varieties. Skin test should be carried out before using all kinds of penicillin preparations. Even if penicillin preparations are taken orally, skin tests should also be carried out. Only when the penicillin preparations are negative can they be taken.
Whether you have allergies before or not, you may be allergic afterwards. The immune system of the human body changes with the body's reaction. The same person's reaction to penicillin may be different at different times and in different states. Therefore, as long as it is not continuous, skin test must be done again.