The oldest Planet: the planets in the cluster M4. In 2003, astronomers discovered a planet with a life span of 12.7 billion years, which is also the oldest known planet. The gas planet is about the size of Jupiter and 2.5 times the mass of Jupiter. It is located near the core of the globular cluster named M4. The cluster contains more than 100000 stars and is located in the constellation Scorpio, which is about 5600 light-years away from the earth. The planet is twice as old as the earth and other known planets, almost the same age as the universe.
The youngest planet: the planet in Taurus. NASA announced in 2004 that it had discovered a "baby" planet that has been formed for no more than a million years. The planet is probably the youngest of all known. Born about a million years ago, this baby planet belongs to Taurus, 420 light-years away from earth, and revolves around a star close to its age. At present, researchers have found more than 100 extrasolar planets, but these planets are basically over 1 billion years old. The earth we live on is 4.5 billion years old and has entered middle age.
The most remarkable Planet: Mars. When it comes to Mars, people always think of aliens in science fiction movies. Perhaps because Mars plays a leading role in too many movies and novels, people are also full of expectations for Mars exploration activities in real life. Over the past 40 years, the former Soviet Union, the United States, Japan and Europe have planned more than 30 Mars explorations. Although two-thirds of them failed, scientists' enthusiasm for looking for signs of life on Mars has never declined.
The most depressing Planet: Pluto. Since astronomers discovered Uranus, Neptune and Pluto one after another in the 19th century, the saying that Pluto is one of the nine planets in the solar system has been remembered as common sense. However, in 2006, a general meeting of the International Astronomical Union voted to demote Pluto to as a dwarf planet. Whether it was defined as a planet more than 70 years ago, or now it is demoted as a "dwarf planet" because of the change in the meaning of planet, Pluto has never been able to defend itself and can only accept everything silently, which can be called the most depressing planet.
The largest planet: tres-4. "Tres-4" is a planet recently discovered by astronomers, and it is also the largest planet in the universe so far. It orbits a star about 1435 light-years from earth. Its diameter is estimated to be 1.7 times that of Jupiter, the largest planet in the solar system. Its volume is close to twice that of Jupiter. Its surface temperature is as high as 1327 degrees Celsius. It is a huge sphere mainly composed of hydrogen. To the amazement of scientists, "tres-4" is 20 times the size of the earth, but its density is only 0.2g/cm3.
The most habitable planet: "581c". Scientists have discovered for the first time a planet outside the solar system that may be suitable for human habitation. Its temperature and volume are estimated to be similar to those of the earth, and it may also have liquid water. The discovery is considered "an important milestone in the search for life in the universe.". The newly discovered planet is named "581c". The average temperature is between 0 ℃ and 40 ℃. It is the smallest planet discovered so far and the first planet in the habitable zone of its parent star, thus increasing the possibility of liquid water and even life on its surface.
The closest planet to the earth: Venus. Before and after daybreak, a bright "Morning Star" is sometimes seen on the eastern horizon, which is called "the rising star"; at dusk, a very bright "evening star" is sometimes seen in the Western afterglow, which is called "Changgeng star". The two stars are actually one, Venus. Venus is one of the eight major planets in the solar system, and is the second planet in the order from near to far from the sun. It is the closest planet to the earth.
The farthest planet from the earth: "ogle-tr-56b". In 2003, astronomers from Harvard University announced that they had discovered a planet named "ogle-tr-56b" by using a new technology, which is the farthest planet from the earth ever discovered by human beings. The newly discovered planet is in the constellation Sagittarius, 5000 light-years away from earth. It's 30 times farther than the most distant planet ever discovered outside the solar system. It's a little smaller than Jupiter and orbits its star every 29 hours. According to the observation, "ogle-tr-56b" surface is covered with a large amount of hot metal, and the climate environment is very bad.
The strangest Planet: "hat-p-2b". In May this year, Israeli scientists announced that they had discovered a new planet "hat-p-2b" outside the solar system. It is very close to the parent star (about 400 light-years away from the earth), and its year is equal to 5.6 days on the earth, so the climate change on the planet is very large. To scientists' surprise, the average density of hat-p-2b is 6.6 times that of water, eight times that of Jupiter. In addition, the orbit of the newly discovered planet is also different. Compared with the distance between the sun and the planets in the solar system, the distance between the planet and its parent star is shorter, which is only 7% of the distance between the earth and the sun.
The planet with the most satellites in the solar system: Jupiter. Jupiter is the largest family in the solar system, with at least 58 satellites around it, most of which were discovered in recent years. The four largest moons of Jupiter were first discovered by Galileo in the 17th century. With the development of technology, the number of moons observed by scientists around the planets in the solar system is increasing. Saturn was once considered to be the planet with the largest number of satellites in the solar system. Currently, there are 30 known satellites of Saturn, but it finally gave up the name to Jupiter.
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