1. Tianyi Street
A street is a period of history, and how many ups and downs are hidden in Tianyi street? Only when you knock on the history door of this street with your own hands can you know. It turns out that Tianyi street is one of the oldest streets in Harbin because it is the birthplace of Harbin fishing village. As early as more than 200 years ago, this area was crisscrossed with water, marshes and rivers, with abundant vegetation and a collection of animals. Since the reign of Emperor Qianlong (1736-1795), people here began to set up net farms to catch fish. According to records, in 1870, Xu Chengmo, a villager in Harbin, opened a pawnshop here. Therefore, it is believable that trouser crotch street was formed around 1870, but there is no exact record of when this name officially appeared, but the latest is 1898.
Crotch street, as the name suggests, is in the shape of "human". Some pawnshops and small shops are at the intersection of "human". This street is divided from Taigu street to trouser crotch street. One leads to the ferry outside the street, the other leads to Zhaolin Park (the original three five fishing sheds) and Jiuzhan (the original sentry post). This is the origin of trouser crotch street.
Before 1898, on the high bank of today's Jihong bridge, in summer, there was no straight path inside or outside the river. We could only follow the direction of Dazhi street to Harbin amusement park, turn left to Taigu street, enter the crotch street of Harbin village, and then go to Daoli river.
The residents on both sides of the street are mostly from Shandong Province, fishing, boating, business and farming. In order to strengthen the friendship of fellow townsmen and help each other, Shandong fellow townsmen gathered in this area and formally established Shandong guild hall. Fu Juchuan, as the first president, worked for many benefits for Shandong fellow townsmen. So on both sides of the crotch street, Shandong culture is the strongest; five elements and eight doors, three teachings and nine streams, not one of them. The most characteristic small theatres, storytellers, teahouses and pubs in Shandong Province are full of streets and alleys.
In 1933, because the word "crotch" is not elegant, it was renamed Tianyi street. Today, Tianyi street has long disappeared from the urban map, but Shandong people's entrepreneurial spirit and achievements will last forever.
2. Stone road -- lot Street
Harbin is famous for its stone roads, which have inspired many poets and writers. One year, Zhu Ziqing, a famous essayist, came to Harbin. He thought that Harbin had more dust than Beijing, but he didn't know it would backfire. Zhu Ziqing was not surprised to say: "the roads here are made of stones. Walking on the streets is more comfortable than Beijing in many ways.". In fact, before 1898, there were only a few rural roads in Harbin, one of which was from Xiangfang Tianjia Shaoguo to Nangang via Majiagou river. Although it could reach Daoli River in winter, it could not reach Daoli River in summer. In those days, there would not be a few pedestrians in a day, and the so-called some roads were just a trace in the grass.
In 1898, due to the construction of the Middle East Railway, the Engineering Bureau was headquartered in tianjiashaoguo in Xiangfang, while a large number of railway construction equipment were piled up and unloaded in the area of Jiuzhan in Daoli District. In order to facilitate the traffic between goutongli, Nangang and Xiangfang, the Engineering Bureau first built a stone road between the Songhua River and Nangang, which was completed in 1899. At that time, there was no road and no name The working section is stationed here, so it is called "lot Street" in Russia.
The road is extremely hard to build, and the area is low and muddy. People have to use tree trunks and branches at the bottom first, then use grass covered land and sand to pile up, and finally use small stones to pave, so as to avoid frost boiling in summer. Therefore, it is the first stone road in the history of Harbin. Even in the whole northeast, it is also the leading Street.
In May 1915, hilkov, a Russian aristocratic railway engineer and deputy director of the Middle East Railway Administration, was promoted to the general office of the Russian black sea railway company. On the eve of leaving office, the board of directors of Harbin City awarded hilkov the title of "honorary citizen" of Harbin City, and therefore he was the section chief of the ninth section, so the "lot Street" was renamed "hilkov wangjue Street", commonly known as "Wangye Street". After 1926, the local government of China took back the municipal administration power of Harbin and cancelled the "Wangye Street", which is still called the lot street.
On this street, there were more than a dozen industrial and commercial enterprises, including Heilongjiang Provincial Railway negotiation Bureau, Sino Russian school, Russian Red Cross Hospital (today's children's Hospital), Yokohama Zhengjin Bank branch (today's Provincial Art Exhibition Hall), Japan Jincheng chamber of Commerce and Kitamura oil company. After the liberation, the lot street was built many times and paved with asphalt on the stone road. Now it has become a prosperous commercial street in Daoli District.
Street View of Xinyang Road
3. The swamp of the past -- Xinyang Road
How familiar the name "pianmianzi" is to those aged Harbin people, but no one has mentioned it now. It turns out that pianmianzi is located on both sides of Xinyang Road to the south of Jingwei street. The streets in this area are named after "an". There are more than 20 streets in total, such as Anguo street, Anding street, Anshun street and Anliang street. Except ander street and Anlong street, all the streets with the prefix "an" are inclined, so this area is called "pianmianzi".
The original "partial face" was a swamp, with reeds, ducks, foxbadgers, mosquitoes and flies. After the outbreak of the "ten year revolution" in 1917, a large number of Russians fled from Chita, hailanpao and Vladivostok to Harbin, where the Harbin Russian autonomous society established a shelter. In 1918, the Russians began to develop this area and established "naharovka village". Therefore, some people say that it is remote and desolate, so it is called "partial face".
"Naharovka" is evolved from the Russian word "naharle", which means a lazy and shameless person. In naharovka village, some houses are built in disorder on the high ground, there is no way to go, and people use the bridge to pass. Due to the dumping of a large amount of garbage and residual soil, it gradually formed the outline of the street. Most of these streets are named after Russian cities and people, such as Anxin Street (sevastoberskaya), Anhua Street (Tverskaya), Anping Street (Warsaw Street), Angou Street (kololevskaya), etc. In 1932, there was a flood in Harbin. After the flood subsided, the Japanese puppet government began to prepare for the construction of the main road running through the partial face, which started in 1933. In order to realize the dream of Japanese imperialism occupying the three eastern provinces for a long time, we named this road Datong Road after the year of Aisin Jueluo Puyi.
The original Datong Road is composed of two roads paved with square stones. It starts from Xinyang square in the East and ends at kang'an road in the West. Each road is about 4 meters wide. In the middle of the two roads is a wide and flat platform with poplar trees planted on both sides. The sidewalk is paved with square cement board, and poplar trees are also planted on the roadside.
After liberation, the name of Datong Road was changed from humiliation to old and new. After two reconstructions, the first one was in 1958, and a road was opened on the platform between the two roads; the second one was in 1976, when the middle road was widened, and the bicycle lanes on both sides were also widened, and asphalt pavement was paved. Xinyang Road has a new look, becoming a link connecting Harbin with Sanzhao, Heihe, Daqing, Tongjiang and other northern border areas.
4. Boundary Street
Guojing street is now Chengde street. Originally, in 1898, due to the construction of the Middle East Railway in Harbin, Xiangfang, Nangang and Daoli were designated as railway concessions. The so-called "Harbin Railway city" and its reputation as "Oriental Moscow" and "Oriental little Paris" were limited to this area. The Fujiadian and tianjiashaoguo are the villages outside Harbin Railway city.
At that time, the dividing line between Harbin Railway city and Fujiadian outside the city was the market house on the east side of Chengde street in Daowai District. It was located in the middle and south of Daowai District, starting from Douan of Nangang District in the South and reaching the middle section of Jingyang street in the north. The total length was 1.7 km, the width of the roadway was 15 meters, and the north end of the street was open, which was called Chengde Square. In current words, to the west of Guojing street is the "special zone" and the "state of a country". In 1903, the Middle East Railway Administration organized the "urban public utilities management committee". In 1907, the Middle East Railway Administration divided most of Daoli and Nangang into urban areas and established the "Harbin autonomous city". This part of land development, municipal construction and industrial and commercial administration belong to the Russian City Council, while the Chinese local authorities have no right to manage it. Similarly, the middle east railway authority does not have the right to exercise its power in Fu Jiadian, east of "border Street".
To the east of Guojing street, before 1898, it was a small fishing village with only a dozen households. Until 1906, it was just a small market town adjacent to Harbin Railway city. Binjiang hall was set up in 1907, which was the beginning of Binjiang county. It was changed into a county in 1913, and Binjiang city was set up in 1929. In fact, Binjiang county is a satellite city of "Harbin Railway city". It is two different and independent urban development entities. Later, like Lushun and Dalian, Binjiang County merged into one, forming a city with larger area and population (plus majiachuankou City, which was originally under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang Province).
Because of this, in the 1920s, the Russians and the Chinese set up their own police stations with "border Street" as the boundary, and managed them separately, so there must be the origin of "border Street". In 1926, the Chinese local authorities took back the management power of "Harbin autonomous city" and changed "Guojing Street" to Chengde street.
On July 1, 1933, Binjiang city (fujiaden) was officially merged into Harbin City (Daoli and Nangang). It was not until here that the role of "Guojing Street" (Chengde Street) as the demarcation line between the two cities was finally lost. At the same time, Songpu city (i.e. Jiangbei City) and the affiliated areas of Dongsheng Special Economic Zone (i.e. xiangkeng and Guxiang) were also incorporated into Harbin City, forming a special city of Harbin.
5. The fragrance of Shaojiu -- Anbu Street
The oldest street in Xiangfang District is Anbu Street formed in 1895. The cause of the formation of this street also starts from the famous Tian family Shaoguo.
There are few historical materials about the early period of Harbin, but there are many records about Tian family's cooking pot. It is said that around 1805, six Tian Baohui brothers from Huangxian County, Shandong Province came to Harbin, led by their grandfather and father. According to the regulations of the Qing Dynasty at that time, the Han people were not allowed to open up wasteland arbitrarily. As a result, the Tian family recognized one of the banners who lived in Acheng as the landlord, who opened the first Shaoguo. Xiangfang is famous for its good water quality, unique flavor of wine making, and friendly hospitality of the Tian brothers. At that time, people who passed by Harbin could not come to Harbin without drinking a mouthful of Tianjia Shaoguo wine!
At the front door of Tianjia Shaoguo, there are many people who buy wine, so they naturally walk out of a "wine road". According to the actual measurement, Tianjia Shaoguo is located in the north of the middle of Anbu street, 410 meters from east to west, 182 meters from north to south, close to 8 land, high walls, deep courtyard, and turrets. On June 9, 1898, when the Middle East Railway Engineering Bureau first arrived in Harbin, it entered the tianjiashaoguo, which was closed due to bandits' harassment. As a result, the street in front of the gate became more lively. In this way, it was the first "foreign Street" in Harbin!
In 1900, with the rise of the Boxer Movement, the Boxer Movement took back Tian Shaoguo and fought against the Russian army. On August 2, the boxer warriors stationed in tianjiashaoguo were outnumbered, and tianjiashaoguo was destroyed by Russian artillery fire. In 1901, Juyuan Shaoguo was rebuilt at the site of Anbu street. It is reasonable to say that the street formed in 1895 should be called "Shaoguo Street", but why is it named Anbu street? It turns out that after the boxers were pacified,