Today, it was learned from the State Administration of science, technology and industry for national defense that the flight testers for the reentry and return flight test mission of phase III of the lunar exploration project were transported from Beijing to Qingshan airport in Xichang on the same day, and then transferred to Xichang Satellite Launch Center for relevant tests and tests.
This test mission will be carried out this year, mainly to verify the relevant technologies of the reentry and return of the chang'e-5 mission at a speed close to the second universe speed (the second cosmic speed is 11.2 km / s).
According to the prediction of experts, the chang'e-5 lunar probe is expected to be completed around 2017 and launched by selected aircraft.
According to reports, after the success of the chang'e-3 mission, China's lunar exploration project has been transferred to phase III. As the third step of the "circle, fall and return" planning, the main goal of the third phase of the lunar exploration project is to realize unmanned automatic sampling and return, and break through the four core key technologies of lunar surface sampling, lunar surface rising, lunar orbit rendezvous and docking, and reentry and return near the second cosmic velocity.
According to Xinhua news agency, according to the State Administration of science, technology and industry for national defense, the flight test equipment for the third phase of the lunar exploration project was transported from Beijing to Qingshan airport in Xichang on October 10, and then transferred to Xichang Satellite Launch Center to carry out relevant tests and tests gradually.
It is reported that the lunar exploration project phase III reentry and return flight test mission will be carried out this year, mainly to verify the relevant technology of the chang'e-5 mission reentry and return to earth at a speed close to the second universe speed (the second cosmic speed is 11.2 km / s).
After the successful completion of the chang'e-3 mission, China's lunar exploration project has been transferred to the third phase. As the third step of the "circle, fall and return" planning, the main goal of the third phase of lunar exploration project is to realize unmanned automatic sampling and return, and break through the four core key technologies of lunar surface sampling, lunar surface rising, lunar orbit rendezvous and docking, and reentry and return at the speed close to the second universe.
To explore the moon
Winding
From 2004 to 2007, China's first lunar exploration satellite was developed and launched for lunar exploration.
Main tasks: develop and launch lunar exploration satellites; break through key technologies for lunar exploration, and conduct global, integrated and comprehensive exploration of lunar terrain and mantle, partial elements and material composition, lunar soil characteristics, Earth Moon space environment, etc.
fall
The first lunar soft landing and automatic patrol survey were carried out around 2013.
Main tasks: break through the key technologies of lunar soft landing, lunar surface inspection and survey, deep space TT & C communication and remote operation; develop and launch lunar soft landing detector and patrol detector to realize lunar soft landing and patrol detection, and detect the topography, geological structure and material composition of land area.
return
Before 2020, the first lunar sample will be automatically sampled and returned for exploration.
Main tasks: to break through the technologies of small sampling return module of sampling return detector, lunar surface drilling machine, lunar surface sampler, robot operating arm, etc., on the basis of field analysis and sampling, collect key samples and return to earth for laboratory analysis and research.
Interpretation of chang'e-5
Fast return speed, braking is a problem
It is understood that chang'e-5 will be launched from Wenchang space launch center in Hainan around 2017, completing the major leap of lunar exploration project - bringing back lunar samples.
Experts explained that the flight test device was prepared for chang'e-5. Chang'e-5 is composed of orbiter, reentry vehicle, lander and other parts. The flight test device is to test the return technology. However, because the return speed is very fast and the technology is very complex, the flight tester should specially test the return technology to reduce the difficulty and risk.
Experts said that the test is expected to simulate the whole process of orbiter and reentry around the moon and return. The reentrant and return orbit are the same as the future chang'e-5. The future chang'e-5 has four parts. This test consists of two parts, an orbiter and a reentrant. Chang'e-5 will also have an ascent and a lander.
Experts say that after chang'e-5 flies to the moon's orbit, some will go to the surface of the moon to sample, and the other part will orbit around the moon. After sampling, they will take samples to dock with the orbiter, and then return to earth. In the return process, loading corner is a big problem. Because the speed reaches 11.2 kilometers per second, the angle is too flat to fall into the earth. If it is too straight, it will hit the earth directly. The time, size and direction of the brake when entering the earth orbit are also very important. There are two ways to enter the earth, one is to directly enter the earth, and the other is to find the right time to change orbit and fall into the earth after several circles around the earth.
In addition, when landing on the earth, the speed of the manned spacecraft's return module landing is required to be about 3 meters per second, while the unmanned return module can be relaxed, which is less than 15 meters per second.
"I hope I can see someone on the moon in China in my lifetime!" this morning, a strong voice was heard in the attached middle school of Huashi Normal University. Just after the speech, warm applause burst out. The patriotic speech of Ye Peijian, chief scientist of chang'e-3 detector system and academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, moved everyone present.
Discovery of chang'e-5: great innovation in return mode
Chang'e-3 mission is not over yet, and chang'e-5 has become a hot topic. Academician ye Peijian made a detailed disclosure on the innovation of chang'e-5.
Compared with chang'e-3, chang'e-5 has a huge leap forward. Chang'e-5 is composed of four vehicles, namely, lander, ascender, orbiter and reentry vehicle. The total weight of the four devices is very large. Now all launch sites can not be launched. We must launch at the newly-built Hainan launch site, and launch with the newly developed long March 5.
Academician ye Peijian also explained in detail the process of the launch, moon setting and return of chang'e-5. The Long March 5 launched a combination of the four spacecraft into lunar orbit. The orbiter and the reentrant are combined in one, and the lander and ascent form another. The two combinations are separated. The lander lands in the predetermined area with the ascender. After landing in the intended area, one manipulator on the lander will grab things on the surface of the moon and plug them into a container. The other manipulator will make a hole, which can be 2 meters deep on the moon, grab things, and then put them into the container. The robot arm will also transfer the container into the lander's lifter, which will then take off from the lunar surface. After taking off, it will enter the lunar orbit, and then dock with the combination of the orbiter and the reentrant. The sample in the ascender will be turned back to the transfer device, and then the ascender will be thrown away. The orbiter and the reentrant will go around the moon and return to the earth.
Academician ye Peijian revealed that there will be a great innovation in the return of chang'e-5. In the past, the return and shenzhoufei's return were both direct return. This time, in order to solve the problem of landing point and the problem of adjusting impact force by landing angle, when the separation enters the atmosphere, it will jump back into the universe again, jump back into the atmosphere, and then come back again. "The longer the distance, the longer the walking time, we can get a lot of benefits. This method can reduce the heat, reduce the landing angle, etc., so this way of return will also be our first experiment. "Academician ye said.
Of course, the great leap forward of chang'e-5 is not a rash attempt. Chang'e-4 will be the first to taste 'crab'. Academician Ye Peijian said as like as two peas, the Chang'e four will not go down, and will go around the moon to a natural return orbit, trying to get the speed and trajectory of 10.7 km. This return device is exactly the same as Chang'e five, to verify whether the return device can return to the predetermined area. Academician ye said that next year, you can see it around the moon and fly back to China.