Mahonia is a plant with strong drought resistance. The trees, roots, stems and leaves of the whole plant can be used as medicine, and the efficacy is remarkable. According to the Chinese habit of stressing kindness in everything, the head is given the perfect number of "ten", hence the name of "ten credits". Next, let's learn the cultivation methods of Mahonia~
Mahonia cultivation methods Mahonia cultivation methods (basic knowledge): the best propagation time: hardwood cuttings should be carried out in February to March; ramets can be carried out from mid October to mid November or from late February to late March, or in combination with changing pots in spring.
The best growth soil: the soil requirement is not strict, and it grows best on loose and fertile sandy loam with good drainage.
Growth humidity requirements: Mahonia best placed in a humid place breeding.
The best growth temperature: Mahonia likes to be warm, the best sowing temperature is 15 ~ 25 ° C; the best cutting temperature is 25 ~ 30 ° C.
The best growth light: Mahonia sinensis can endure shade and avoid sun exposure.
Cultivation methods of Mahonia sinensis
Every year before winter, we can grow healthily by pouring rotten cake fertilizer or livestock manure. In the growing season, apply the decomposed thin liquid fertilizer every 20 days, top dressing 2-3 times a year, and apply the cake fertilizer in early spring. If potted, the soil should be kept moist without ponding. In winter, the temperature should not be too high. The management of field planting plants is extensive. They can be transplanted with soil ball before sprouting in early spring, and sufficient base fertilizer should be applied during planting. The growth of 1-2-year-old seedlings was slow, and accelerated in the third year.
Watering points:
Mahonia good wet, usually to frequent watering, keep basin soil moist state, but also not waterlogging. Generally, it can be watered more in spring and summer to facilitate sprouting and sprouting; in summer, it should be watered in the morning and evening, and sprayed with foliar water to make the leaves wet; in winter, it should be watered around noon, not before late, so as to avoid frostbite to the roots.
Pruning tips:
Mahonia can be pruned before germination in spring. Usually, it can be pruned at any time to cut off the sprouting branches and dense branches to maintain a certain tree shape.
Basin soil replacement:
Mahonia tenuifolia is usually turned over once every 2-3 years. When it is turned over, it can be combined with ramet propagation. At the same time, the withered roots and some long old roots can be cut off, and the old 1b2 soil can be replaced, and the loose and humus rich new culture soil can be cultivated.
Breeding points:
Mahonia is commonly used for sowing, cutting, ramet and rapid propagation.
Sowing and seedling raising
The ten wild Mahonia species are less and less. This method is used in the production of garden nursery. Mahonia tenuifolia seedlings are mainly to grasp the seed collection time, seed treatment methods, sowing soil thickness and careful management after sowing. In May, when the fruit is ripe, pick the ovoid berries, pile them up a little, mix them with fine sand and rub them, or soak the seeds with warm water, rinse off the peel, pulp and empty seeds, then take out the full seeds, dry them in the shade, put them in a cloth bag and store them in a cool and ventilated dry place. After winter, store the seeds in low temperature sand until the next spring, sow them in March, cover them with soil for 1-2cm after sowing, and put them in the bag after soaking Half shade, about 1 month germination. It can also be sown directly after the seed treatment, in the semi shade environment, in the seedbed, covered with soil for 3 ~ 5cm. The suitable temperature for seed germination is 15-25 ℃, and the seedlings can germinate in about 50 days. The seedbed should be flat, the soil particles should be fine, and the seeds should be sown in ditches. The height of the current year seedlings can reach 8 ~ 10cm. During the overwintering period, the seedlings should be kept in bed for another year, and then transplanted in the second year. Seedlings usually need to be cultivated for 4-5 years before they can blossom and bear fruit.
Cultivation methods of Mahonia sinensis
cuttage
A small amount of propagation can be done by cutting. Hardwood cuttings should be carried out in February to March, and semi hardwood cuttings should be used in May to June. Cut 1-2 years of strong branches, cut up about 15cm spike segment, 2/3 inserted into sandy soil seedbed, keep the seedbed overcast, began to shade in May, spray every day on sunny days, after planting for about 2 months to take root. Softwood cutting can be carried out in the plum rain season. Select the full branches of the current year, or use the annual branches, with the length of 15 ~ 20cm, the temperature of the seedbed controlled at 25 ~ 30 ℃, and the rooting can be achieved after one month, and the survival rate can reach more than 90%. The rooting rate of branches treated with rooting agent can reach more than 90%.
Ramet
Ramets can be carried out from mid October to mid November or from late February to late March, or in combination with changing pots in spring. Dig up the clumps of ground plants, or take out the large clumps of potted plants from the flowerpot, cut or tear them from the weak joint between the root and the stem, take 2-3 stems and part of the intact root system for each clump, trim the leaves slightly, and then carry out ground planting or pot planting.
Rapid propagation
With the expansion of Chinese patent medicine production scale, the demand for Mahonia plants is increasing, and wild Mahonia plants are facing a serious shortage of resources. Mahonia tenuifolia usually adopts asexual propagation, so rapid propagation of Mahonia tenuifolia by biotechnology and large-scale production will be an effective way to solve this contradiction. It has a certain reference value for the study of artificial propagation of Mahonia tenuifolia, and will provide the basic theoretical basis for the rapid propagation of Mahonia tenuifolia.
Pest control:
Mahonia tenuifolia has strong resistance to diseases and insect pests. Mahonia tenuifolia has not been infected when other species such as Photinia and aphids are harmed at the same time. It is necessary to drain the ditch in time, reduce the field humidity, keep the ventilation and light transmission, and enhance the disease resistance of plants. The main diseases and pests are: Spodoptera exigua, coir moth, Mahonia anthrax, spotted disease, etc. The moths were sprayed with 90% trichlorfon 1000 times. Anthracnose can be sprayed with 70% thiophanate methyl WP 1000 times. The scale insects were sprayed with dichlorvos, dianthion, etc. Remove the fallen leaves and burn them. Bordeaux solution or chlorothalonil were sprayed during the onset period.
Mahonia cultivation methods expand knowledge - Mahonia's value: Mahonia's leaf shape is peculiar, elegant and beautiful, potted plants can be used for indoor furnishings, because of its good shade tolerance, it can be cultivated under indoor scattered light conditions for a long time. In the courtyard, it can also be planted in the side of rockery or stone crevice, but it's better to have big trees for shade. Mahonia is cool in nature and sweet in taste. The root and stem are cold and bitter. It contains berberine, jatrorrhizine and Magnolia alkaloid. It has the effect of clearing away heat and toxin, relieving cough and resolving phlegm. It can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus, dysentery and Escherichia coli. Indications: bacillary dysentery, gastroenteritis, infectious hepatitis, bronchitis, sore throat, colitis, burns, scalds and other diseases. At the end of autumn, the fruits are picked and the roots are dug. The leaves are picked all year round and dried in the sun or dried for use.