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How to water twelve volumes (experience): seven aspects introduce how to water twelve volumes

Succulent twelve rolls is a popular small succulent plant in recent years. It has many varieties and different shapes. It is small, delicate and elegant, which is very suitable for personal cultivation and appreciation. If you want to breed a lot of meat, water management is a very important part. Although the root system is not the only decisive factor, it is undoubtedly one of the most important. Now, let's learn what senior flower friend has learned from watering twelve rolls!

How to water (experience) how to water: the problem of water management is not only about watering, but also about the principle and reason

1、 Water form in plant material

There are usually two forms of water in the plant material, one is capillary water form, the other is gravity water form. The two forms will transform each other. When the capillary water is over saturated, there will be a lot of gravity water on the physical surface of the plant material. When the gravity water dries gradually, there is only capillary water left in the plant material.

Capillary water does not exist on the surface of plant material, but is absorbed in the interior of plant material by siphon. There are many plant materials that can capillary water, such as inorganic hematite, cinder, blue stone, vermiculite, organic celestial soil, peat, bark, plant materials with pores have the ability to absorb capillary water to themselves, even when the plant material is completely saturated On the contrary, they can be best absorbed by plant root hairs.

Gravity water often exists in the open air, but sometimes it is dangerous in greenhouses and balconies. Gravity water is more popular. When the capillary water of the plant material is saturated, the residual water in the gap between the plants or the water film on the surface of the plant material is the form of gravity water.

Gravity water in the rain, the soil is full of gravity water, but it is not necessarily unsafe at that time, because the rain from the air usually carries a lot of oxygen, and the repeated washing of rain also takes away and dilutes microorganisms. When there is oxygen in the water, even the roots can be completely soaked in the water solution without decay. The real water management failure leads to root rot, because the root system is broken Gravity water covers the root epidermis, and the original microorganisms in the soil quickly consume the oxygen in the gravity water. However, some cells of the roots that need to breathe on the surface drown and die, which leads to the rapid collapse of the roots in the humid and microbial rich environment. This is the initial situation of root problems caused by water management mistakes.

Twelve volumes

2、 Mechanism of root rot

There are many possibilities for root ulceration. Malignant bacteria are considered to be one of the reasons for root ulceration. Besides, there are root eating insects that leave wounds on the root system, which are caused by microbial invasion (such as root rot caused by root powder). In fact, there are countless bacteria in the soil for thousands of years. Plants and they coexist well, and there is no fungicide in nature, which makes artificial painting superfluous Intervention does not exist in nature, so there is no water management error for bacteria alone. There is a large amount of gravity water in the soil, which does not necessarily lead to large-area root rot.

Twelve roll roots, such as old roots, will rot even if there is not a lot of gravity water when they mature to a certain extent, but when they rot to the base of stem tissue, they are not easy to invade into the main stem, because the main stem has blocked the fluid exchange of sieve tube and catheter with them before the roots die. If a small amount of root rot occurs, if the soil can enter the dry soil, it will not be easy to enter the main stem The root system of the twelve rolls will rot and stop. Only when it is continuously wet after that, can the root system rot directly to the base under the high temperature in summer. When the root system rot into the juicy main stem, it will cause the whole twelve rolls to rot completely with the main stem. Therefore, even if the root rot occurs before this kind of rot, it is not necessarily one-time Directly fatal, as long as you can make the plant dry to a suitable degree, the rot can stop, of course, it will also cause damage to the root system, and it will take time to enter the growth state again.

Twelve volumes

3、 Judgment of root rot

It seems that this problem has nothing to do with watering, but if you know how to judge, at least you know how to control water and how to save the already rotten roots. Twelve roots have a characteristic. Once they begin to fester, twelve will instinctively reduce the role of sieve tube and conduit. This is the self-protection developed by this plant in the process of evolution. The rapid exchange of body fluid up and down can accelerate the process of corruption. With this self blocking, the process of corruption can be slowed down, and the soil will be dried at an appropriate time. Those roots that have half rotted are even worse When the root system stops collapsing, the new root system will bifurcate from the side of the rotten root system, so with this feature, it is not difficult for you to judge the occurrence of root system collapsing.

It is difficult to judge the root rot in summer, because the speed of summer rot may be extremely fast, and it directly invades the main stem. After you are flooded, it can directly enter the stem tissue in the shortest 3-5 days, causing irreparable whole plant rot. high temperature in summer accelerates the metabolism of microorganisms, and the 12 roll plant in flood can also have overall rot more quickly and thoroughly. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the root rot During summer dormancy, the rhythm of water supply is lengthened to keep the plant dormant and collapse to a certain extent, which is very safe for 12 rolls.

In spring and autumn, root rot is the easiest to judge. At that time, you found that the leaves suddenly turned red and collapsed within a few days of planting, and recalled that there was enough water supply 3-4 days ago, then you were probably rotten roots, because it was root rot that caused the plant to block and the sieve tube of the root system to seal and protect the fluid. At this time, if you cut off the water supply, you can connect the water supply Wind, half Yin, after one week's drying, your twelve can be saved by fresh water supply. Half Yin can slow down the collapse speed, and it is not difficult to recover from fresh fullness. But at this time, if you continue to mistakenly think that the plant is short of water, and forget the approximate water supply date of the last time, maybe you want to make it absorb water again, this time the water supply can make the rot further accelerate in the wet soil, rot into the main stem, which is also irreversible.

Twelve rolls of stripes

4、 How to avoid gravity water

First of all, the water in the flowerpot, the drying sequence, usually the surface and the pelvic floor first dry, followed by the plastic edge of the basin, and the middle part of the basin is the slowest dry, and the most prone to problems causing rotten roots. If the basin is suck up in gravity, the ventilation is not good, and the sun does not give the power to evaporate quickly, so it is easy to have accidents.

There are several ways to shorten the existence time of gravity water

1. Strengthen ventilation (balcony is better than greenhouse);

2. Accelerated evaporation (the greenhouse irradiation time is longer, especially in summer, which is better than the balcony);

3. Add non water holding material to avoid excessive water holding (such as light stone, perlite);

4. Reduce the size of the basin (this should be appropriate, because the basin soil is too small, even inhibiting the growth of plants, but we do not recommend small plants to build a large basin, which is not only a waste of soil, but also increases the water holding time of soil);

5. Increase the particle size of soil (this is no different from ventilation, more suitable for the environment with poor air circulation in greenhouse);

6. It is also corresponding to the most core and key problems, the appropriate amount of water supply.

Twelve rolls of stripes

5、 Several viewpoints on watering

When many flower friends buy plants, they ask me how often I water them. In fact, there is no fixed answer to this question, because the water holding capacity of plants is different, the ventilation and evaporation speed of the environment are different, the size of pots is different, the water absorption capacity of varieties is different, the water supply methods are different, the seasons are different, and the water supply rhythm may be different, so this question is generally a novice There will not be the best answer to Huayou's question, which is in line with the actual situation. On the contrary, the real reasonable water supply is the method of water supply and the judgment of soil moisture.

There are many articles in twelve volumes, but there are many opinions about water supply. Some of them are very general. Are they dry to the depth and damage the capillary roots, or are they wet to the soil and there is a lot of gravity water, so this kind of opinion has killed many novice flower friends. Some people even mistakenly define dry and wet for more than 12 years. Another kind of opinion, such as Yanming He can tell you that the soil is continuously wet, but this method can really make the root system develop at the fastest speed and grow fiercely. But this is a steel wire, because you are slightly wet, and the time is still long. Once it festers, the cultivation may be destroyed in a few years. Therefore, this method of continuous wet is only suitable for very top experts, for most of them People are not necessarily suitable.

It has been 13 years since the cultivation of 12 rolls. According to my personal experience, the 12 rolls of soil should alternate between dry and wet, and should alternate between drier and wetter due to the alternation of seasons.

Twelve volumes of Mao and Han Dynasties

6、 Basin

Basin seems to be a problem of water management, but I think it's still relevant. I'll make a final supplement. Usually, tile pots are more suitable for newcomers. Novice flower friends usually itch their hands easily. Tile pots and pottery pots are faster than plastic pots in terms of water dispersion and air permeability. You may over feed water, which can make up for your lack of technology, but tile pots need to be well watered, otherwise they are likely to be in a dry situation for a long time. And you should be more strict about plastic pots, and try to be close to the size of plants. Generally, pots are 1-2 cm larger than plants. The growth of 12 kinds of pots is not faster than that of Sedum, especially for varieties like Vientiane. Larger pots have more water holding capacity and longer water holding time. You also need to relatively lengthen the watering time.

Deep plastic basin, the basin in the lower part of the water emission time is longer, so it is best to choose black, because such a color, by radiation heating fast, to assist the water hair, and small basin, square basin, I think is a good choice for novices, here, especially the famous jy70 black square, space occupation is small, the speed of water loss is relatively fast and easy to control, the majority of basin unified One size is more suitable for management, which is absolutely true. When there are several square areas, the basin size is unified, and the planting material characteristics are unified, the management will be quite easy. Finally, let's talk about the widely used seedling tray, namely Alice S-5. The watering of this basin is different from that of ordinary pots. You can see the water coming out of the bottom of the basin, and then you stop. The next day, you may find that the soil surface is still very wet, sometimes the same water supply is used, and even the whole tray crosses the root. The reason is a very serious mistake. You use empty S5 to fill water, because the hole is too small So many holes can leave a lot of water for you not to flow out, so if you use S5, it is recommended to slant up after water supply, and excessive gravity water will flow out. You can also use the East and west side to pad up a basin like S5, so that it is not easy to retain a lot of gravity water after watering.