Plant classification, also known as plant taxonomy. This is a basic discipline which mainly studies the origin, relationship and evolution of different groups in the whole plant kingdom. In other words, the complicated plant kingdom is divided into different categories, which are identified to species and arranged according to the system, so as to facilitate people to understand and use plants. So how are plants classified? What's their one? Next, this article will explain it in detail.
How to classify plants
1. Artificial classification method
According to their own convenience or according to the use of plants, people choose one or several characteristics of plants as the standard for classification, and then arrange them into a classification system according to the artificial standard sequence.
2. Natural classification method
The classification standard is based on the relative degree of plants. According to the viewpoint of biological evolution, plants have similar heritability due to their common ancestors, showing the similarity in morphology, structure and habits. Therefore, according to the number of plant similarities, we can judge the degree of kinship between them. This method of classification according to kinship is natural classification.
The classification of angiosperms is mainly based on the morphological characteristics of various organs, especially the morphological characteristics of reproductive organs. Because the morphology of flowers and fruits is relatively stable, it is not easy to produce variation due to environmental changes.
How to classify plants
What is the taxonomic unit of a plant
According to the size of the range and the rank, the units at all levels of plant classification are boundary, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. If there are many species in each level, one or two sub levels can be subdivided, such as subphylum, subclass, suborder, subfamily, etc. Subspecies, varieties and forms can be found below species.
Species is the basic unit in taxonomy. Individuals of the same species originate from the common ancestor and have similar morphological characteristics. They can naturally mate and produce genetically similar offspring. They require the same ecological environment conditions and have certain natural distribution areas. Variety is not a taxonomic unit and does not exist in wild plants. It is a cultivated usage, equivalent to a variety or variant.
In terms of classification, species with similar kinship are classified as genera, similar genera are classified as families, and families are classified as orders. Based on this, all plants are classified into plant kingdom.
Now choose one from dicotyledons and one from monocotyledons to illustrate their taxonomic units.
chinese rose
Gemini rose
Kingdom: plant kingdom
Phylum: Angiospermae
Class: dicotyledons
Title: Rosa japonica
Suborder: Rosa
Family: Rosaceae
Subfamily: Rosaceae
Genus: Rosa
Subgenus: Rosa
Species: Rose
Subspecies: 3 varieties
Lily of the valley
Monocotyledon -- lily of the valley
Kingdom: plant kingdom
Phylum: Angiospermae
Class: Monocotyledons
Order: Liliaceae
Suborder: Lilium
Family: Liliaceae
Subfamily: lilinae
Clan: the lily of the valley
Genus: Lilium
Subgenus: subgenus Lilium
Species: Lily of the valley