Cardamom is the dried and mature fruit of white cardamom or Java white cardamom. It has the effects of removing dampness and Qi, warming the middle, stopping vomiting, appetizing and digestion. Today, let's learn the propagation method of cardamom!
Propagation method of cardamom. Basic knowledge of cardamom: cardamom, a perennial evergreen herb, produces Lingnan. Gao Zhangxu looks like a banana. Its leaves are large and lanceolate. Its flowers are light yellow. It bears fruit in autumn. Its fruit is flat and spherical. Its seeds are like pomegranate seeds. It can be used as medicine and has a fragrance. It can be used to remove dampness and eliminate ruffian, warm Qi, appetizer and eliminate food. It is used for blocking dampness and turbidity, not thinking about diet, starting from dampness and temperature, chest tightness without hunger, cold and dampness nausea, chest and abdominal pain, and food accumulation. Born in the shady and wet place of the gully, it is mostly cultivated in the shade of trees in China. It is cultivated in Hainan, Yunnan and Guangxi. It is native to Indonesia.
Propagation methods of fruit cardamom: 1. Seed propagation
Generally, the seeds are collected and sown from early August to September, and the germination is accelerated before sowing. If the amount of seeds is small, the seeds can be mixed with 4 times of wet sand and placed in the basin, which is often kept wet. Under the temperature of 30 - 35 ℃, the germination point can be taken out for more than 10 days, and the seeds can be sown at this time. Seed dressing with high fat film before sowing can drive away underground diseases and insect pests, isolate virus infection and improve seed germination rate. Ditch and drill sowing according to the row spacing of 10 - 15cm, cover the soil with 0.5cm after sowing, cover the bed with grass, and excavate in 20 - 30 days. It takes 40 - 60 days from sowing to seedling. When there are 2-3 leaves in the seedling, inter seedling or bed transfer shall be carried out to promote the accelerated increase of leaves. When there are 5-7 leaves, the plant begins to tiller, and the seedling height is about 30cm, which can be planted out of the nursery. The row spacing of colonized plants is 1m × 1.5-2m. 2-3 seed seedlings shall be planted in each hole. Do not plant too deep to avoid affecting rooting and shooting. After planting, compact and pour root water.
2. Ramet propagation
Select robust and high-yield plants and cut their rhizomes. Each rhizome has 2-3 aboveground stems. Generally, 8-10 small clumps of luxuriant biennial plants can be used as seedlings, which can be planted as soon as they are dug.
Sun dried cardamom. Precautions for breeding cardamom: 1. When the seedlings are unearthed, gently pull the grass cover between the rows to facilitate emergence. When the seedlings emerge, a shade should be set up to prevent exposure to the hot sun.
2. After planting and before sealing, remove the miscellaneous leather in time, and pay attention not to damage the young stems and fibrous roots. After fruit harvest, the withered, weak, sick and disabled plants shall be removed in time. If the density is too high, cut more weak seedlings.
3. At the initial stage of planting and after the first fruit, human feces and urine or ammonium sulfate aqueous solution should be applied again to promote the growth of seedlings. In the flowering and fruiting period, ammonia, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied, together with soil miscellaneous fertilizer, burning soil, etc. In the fruiting stage, 2% calcium superphosphate aqueous solution can also be used as extra root topdressing to promote seedling and flower, increase fruit and improve fruiting rate. Java white Cardamom is a shallow root plant with many fibrous roots. It is often scattered on the soil surface. It should be cultivated after fertilization in autumn and winter, but it should not be too thick to prevent flower bud extraction.
4. High temperature and drought will cause leaf curling, yellowing and weak plant growth; If the flowering period is dry, the inflorescence will decline early, flowering will be less, and the pollen and stigma mucus will be less, resulting in poor pollination or dry death of young fruits. At this time, it is necessary to timely irrigate or spray to increase air humidity. Drainage ditches shall be built in rainy season to avoid rotten roots and flowers caused by ponding.