Dianthus Changxia is commonly known as Dianthus Caryophyllaceae, Dianthus Caryophyllaceae and Dianthus genus. It is a perennial herb native to Austria and Siberia. Its overall appearance is like Kentucky bluegrass lawn. It is an excellent material for arranging flower beds, flower borders and large-area planting. Because of its long flowering period, colorful flowers, three seasons of flowering, four seasons of evergreen, drought and cold tolerance, it has been widely introduced in recent years. In summer, due to high temperature and more rain, the root of carnation is very easy to rot.
Evergreen, with beautiful leaves, gorgeous colors, fragrant flowers and long flowering period, it is widely used to decorate large green spaces, squares, parks, street green spaces, courtyard green spaces, flower beds and flower borders in cities, and is deeply loved by people. It is also used for potting and placed at home for family flower appreciation. Carnation in Changxia, a ground cover plant known as "not dry in winter and not lying in summer", is increasingly recognized by modern garden cities, and enters the city and the beautiful living environment of urban people. It is mainly distributed in the north temperate zone.
Dianthus caryophyllus is a perennial herb with a height of 30cm. Its stems are tendril like clusters and its upper branches are woody over the years. It is smooth and powdered. Its leaves are thick, grayish green and long linear. It has 2-3 flowers and terminal branches. Its flower colors are purple, pink and white, with fragrance. The flowering period is from May to October.
Dianthus caryophyllus often grows in clusters, with a plant height of about 30cm. The stems and leaves are thinner than other Dianthus caryophyllus. They are covered with white powder, and 2-3 flowers are terminal. The flowers are pink, red and white with aroma. It can completely cover the ground in full bloom, with lush flowers and leaves, overflowing fragrance and evergreen all the year round. It can be called the king of grass and the treasure of green space. It is one of the ideal ground cover plants.
Like warmth and plenty of sunshine, not cold resistant. The soil shall be deep and fertile, and the potted plant shall have loose soil and good drainage. Fertilize regularly in growing season. It can grow well in neutral and alkaline soil.
Planting conditions: it can be sown in spring and autumn. The specific time depends on the local climate. It is most suitable when the temperature is about 20 degrees. The so-called sowing in the open ground means that the sown land is directly scattered on the surface without covering other facilities, such as greenhouses, greenhouses, etc. The seedbed should be flat and dry, preferably sandy soil or semi sandy soil. After the border surface is leveled, it shall be irrigated with water. After the water infiltrates, it shall be sown immediately and covered with a layer of fine soil.
Carnation can be propagated by sowing, branching and cutting. Sowing can be sown in the open field in spring or autumn, and in cold beds or hotbeds in spring and autumn in cold areas. The suitable temperature for germination is 15-20 ℃. If the temperature is too high, the germination will be inhibited. The seedlings are usually colonized after secondary transplantation. After transplantation, they are sprayed with Gaoxin lipid film to improve the survival rate. The ramet propagation is mostly carried out in April. The cutting method has good rooting and can be inserted in the sand bed in spring and autumn.
Due to the drought and barren resistance of Dianthus caryophyllus in summer, the watering time and times should be flexible according to the weather drought conditions and soil moisture. In terms of water management, grasp the principle of prefer dry to wet. If there is no rain for a long time and the weather is dry, the watering times can be appropriately increased. In plum rain season or after heavy rain, pay attention to drainage to prevent ponding on the lawn and drowning of seedlings. Spraying new high fat film can adjust the absorption of water.
According to the experience of lawn management, carnation in Changxia should be watered in time after each flowering and pruning, and 10kg-15kg compound fertilizer should be applied per mu to promote seedling growth and flowering in advance next time. For newly planted carnation, the root fixing water must be watered thoroughly for the first time, and then watered every 2-3 days according to the situation.
Pruning plays a very important role in the management of Dianthus caryophyllus in summer. Proper pruning can make the lawn grow vigorously, have developed roots and many flowers. The flowering period of Dianthus caryophyllus in summer is from late spring to autumn. The flower stems should be trimmed after each flower failure. Newly planted seedlings are generally not allowed to blossom in order to promote growth and reduce nutrient consumption. Prune the flowers in late June and early July. The pruning height should be suitable to destroy the growth points of most branches. It should be beneficial to tiller and form a flat quickly. Generally, it is about 8 cm-9 cm. The last pruning is carried out from late August to early September. This pruning laid a foundation for the smooth wintering of carnation and its healthy growth in the second year. Therefore, it should be properly re cut to increase its cold resistance and ornamental effect in winter. Generally, the height is about 5cm.
Carnation likes cool climate in summer and is most afraid of damp, hot and rainy. Spring and autumn are two peak periods. There is a dormant period of near stagnation in summer. In the north, after the rainy season in summer every year, the root system of carnation in the near dormant period is flooded, the root respiration is blocked, and a large number of toxic substances are produced. Moreover, high temperature and humidity create conditions for the breeding of various bacteria, resulting in a large number of decay and death of the root of carnation in summer. Although autumn is also suitable for the growth of carnation in summer, the growth period is short, which is not conducive to slow and strong seedlings.
Because the root system of carnation is afraid of water stains, it is not suitable to be planted in clayey soil. Sandy soil or loam should be selected. In clayey soil, carnation shows slow growth, yellow leaves and decreased reproductive ability of roots and tillers. If the local soil is sticky, sand or loose leaf fertilizer shall be added to the soil before planting to ensure the looseness and air permeability of the soil.
In some areas under extensive management, even without fertilization, carnation can grow well for several years as long as the soil is loose and the acid-base is appropriate. It can be seen that carnation in Changxia has strong barren resistance. If the soil is slightly alkaline, pay attention to the use of acid fertilizer during fertilization. Generally, fertilization 2 to 3 times a year can meet the demand.
Spraying protective agent before the rainy season can inhibit the occurrence of root rot to a great extent. The drugs that can be used include chlorothalonil, carbendazim, etc. In the process of planting, fungicides are used for drug protection every half a month, which can effectively prevent the occurrence and spread of the disease.
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