Bottle gourd refers to the common zucchini in our life. The young fruit of bottle gourd has light taste and soft quality. It is suitable for cooking and very delicious. So how is bottle gourd planted? Let's go and have a look!
Cultivation method of bottle gourd cultivation method of bottle gourd (basic knowledge): the best breeding time: bottle gourd is sown from the end of February to the first ten days of March.
The best growth soil: bottle gourd is not resistant to barren, and the soil with strong water and fertility rich in humus is suitable. The required nutrients are mainly nitrogen, combined with an appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, so as to improve yield and quality.
Growth humidity requirements: bottle gourd has strict requirements on water, and is not resistant to early and waterlogging. High air humidity is required during the result period.
The best growth temperature: bottle gourd likes temperature, small and resistant to low temperature. The seeds germinate at 15 ℃, and germinate fastest at 30 ~ 35 ℃. The suitable temperature for growth and fruiting is 20 ~ 25 ℃. Long gourd is not resistant to high temperature.
Optimum growth light: bottle gourd has high requirements for light conditions, less diseases under sufficient sunlight, good growth and fruit, and high yield.
Cultivation method of bottle gourd precautions for bottle gourd Cultivation: fertilizer application:
Bottle gourd has high requirements for fertilizer and water. It is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer and quick acting nitrogen fertilizer for many times. The growth potential of bottle gourd is weaker than other melons, the growth period is short, and the results are concentrated. In addition to applying base fertilizer, topdressing and irrigation are also needed. Topdressing should be applied thinly and frequently. Fertilizer was applied once after planting survival, heart picking and fruit expansion respectively. After harvest, topdressing by stages for 1 ~ 2 times to promote the growth of post ripe melons.
Key points of watering:
The bottle gourd needs a lot of water, so it should be watered in time. As a result, it can be watered once every 1 ~ 2 days during the drought, but if there is a lot of rain, it should be drained in time to prevent waterlogging.
Topdressing shall be carried out according to the soil fertility and combined with watering. Generally, 15kg of bean bran extract, 1.5kg of biological phosphorus and 1.5kg of biological potassium shall be applied every 667 square meters 6 days after transplantation, and mixed fecal water shall be sprayed every 7 ~ 10 days. Pole insertion and erection shall be carried out 10-15 days after planting. Straighten the branch and pick the heart. Remove the old leaves and adjust the space to make it ventilated and transparent. When the plant has 4 ~ 6 true leaves, spraying 1.5-6 ethephon twice on the leaf can make the female flowers form and increase as soon as possible and improve the yield.
Pruning Essentials:
The seed coat of bottle gourd is thick and the germination is slow. In order to make the main vine grow side vine early and produce more female flowers, the top bud of the main vine can be picked after the main vine has 4 ~ 6 knots.
Breeding points:
The bottle gourd can be directly sown in the open before the final frost, or planted after raising seedlings in the protected area. Seeds need to be treated before sowing. Seed soaking is required for 24-48 hours, and then sowing. The seed consumption per mu is 250g. The management of bottle gourd at seedling stage is the same as that of spring cucumber. Refer to cucumber seedling technology.
Seeding and seedling raising: Raise Seedlings in a hotbed. Sowing from the end of February to the first ten days of March, the seed amount per hm2 is 3.75kg (667m2 is 0.25kg). Before sowing, soak the seeds in warm water at 55 ℃ for 15 minutes, then put them into a constant temperature of 25 ~ 30 ℃ to promote germination, and sow them in a nutrition bowl after the buds come out. In the seedling stage, it is necessary to keep warm, cold proof, ventilated and transparent, and keep the soil dry and wet properly. The seedling age is about 30 ~ 35d. Low temperature seedling refining was carried out about 10 days before colonization.
Planting method of bottle gourd
Pest control:
The diseases of bottle gourd include virus disease and powdery mildew.
Control methods: powdery mildew can be treated with 25% powdery wettable powder, 8~13 grams of powder, 50 kg spray of water, or 300~400 times of 50% polysulfide colloid suspension or 120 times liquid of agricultural antitoxin.
The main diseases are virus disease, Fusarium wilt, epidemic disease, anthrax, powdery mildew and so on.
Fusarium wilt: it invades the roots and the base of stems and vines, and the leaves wilt seriously. After flowering and meloning, the first disease looks like water shortage. It wilts obviously at noon, and can recover in the morning and evening. The roots turn brown or rot, and the affected parts overflow amber colloids.
Prevention methods:
50% carbendazim 500 times diluent, 70% tobuzin 600 times diluent, fulvic acid salt 800 times diluent, special huangweiling 1500 times diluent, 50% dixone 500 times diluent, or one of the 600 times diluent of methomyl or agricultural streptomycin can be used for root irrigation.
Anthrax: the initial lesion is light yellow and nearly round, and the center of the later lesion is broken. In severe cases, the leaves wither, the petioles appear light brown spots, the fruits are infected in light green water stains, and then there are concave near circular dark brown spots in the middle, sometimes the surface overflows orange viscous substances or rots.
Control methods: 70% TOBU 600 times diluent, 75% chlorothalonil 500 times diluent, 600 times diluted solution, kimiling 1000 times diluent, 1000 times diluted ammonia solution, and 500 times diluent of sulfur suspensions.
Downy mildew: small yellowish spots appear on the affected leaves, and lavender molds appear on the back of the spots when wet.
Control methods: we can use 58% times of diluted toxin, 500 times diluent, 500 times dilution of zinc acetate, 60% times of disinfect alum, 500 times diluent, 1 times of diluent, 1 times of dilution, 70% times of mancozeb, 500 times diluent.
Bottle gourd mainly includes melon aphid, melon fly, yellow guard melon, night moth, etc.
Control method: use mirol deep application or spraying and pyrethroid pesticide mixed insecticidal double spraying to control.
Bottle gourd