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Planting method of Pitaya: it likes a warm, humid and sunny environment

The season of eating pitaya is coming again! The anthocyanin content in pitaya fruit is high. It is an effective antioxidant. It has the effects of anti-oxidation, anti free radical and anti-aging. It also has the effects of inhibiting brain cell degeneration and preventing dementia. So how is pitaya planted? Please read with me with questions!

Planting method of Pitaya and breeding method of Pitaya (basic knowledge): the best breeding time: the cutting time is appropriate in spring; The best grafting time is from March to October;

The best growing soil: pitaya can adapt to a variety of soils, but the neutral soil and weak acid soil with more humus and water and fertilizer retention are better;

Growth humidity requirements: pitaya likes warm and humid. During open cultivation in spring and summer, it should be watered more to keep its root system in a vigorous growth state. In rainy weather, it should be drained in time to avoid infection with bacteria and rot of stem and meat;

The optimum growth temperature: pitaya can withstand low temperature of 0 ℃ and high temperature of 40 ℃, and the optimum growth temperature is 25-35 ℃;

Best growth light: pitaya is light and shade resistant. It will grow rapidly in a light environment.

Planting method of Pitaya. Precautions for raising pitaya: fertilizer application:

Pitaya fruit should be thin and fertilized frequently. Due to the long fruit harvest period, organic fertilizer should be applied again every year, and the compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be applied evenly for a long time. Potassium and magnesium fertilizer should be added during flowering and fruiting to promote the accumulation of fruit sugar and improve the quality. During the fruiting period, keep the soil moist, and cover the tree tray with grass or mushroom residue. When the weather is dry, water shall be poured once every 3-4 days. Pitaya, like other cactus plants, grows less than conventional fruit trees. Therefore, fertilization should be based on the principle of sufficient, small amount and many times. Young trees (1-2 years old) are mainly applied with nitrogen fertilizer, so as to achieve thin application and frequent application, so as to promote tree growth. Adult trees (more than 3 years old) are mainly applied with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer is controlled.

Fertilization should be carried out in spring during shoot germination and fruit expansion. The fertilizer is generally made of dry cake residue, chicken manure and pig manure according to the formula of 1:2:7, and 25 kg of organic fertilizer is applied to each plant every year. Or in July, October and March of the next year, apply 1.2kg cow manure and 200g compound fertilizer to each plant. The root system of pitaya fruit is mainly distributed in the topsoil, so the application method should be adopted for fertilization, and deep application in ditches should be avoided to avoid damaging the root. In addition, after each batch of young fruits were formed, 0.3% magnesium sulfate, 0.2% borax and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate were sprayed outside the root once to improve the fruit quality.

Due to the long harvest period of pitaya, organic fertilizer should be applied again, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer should be applied evenly for a long time. The fertilizer with high nitrogen content in pig and chicken manure is completely used to make the branches thicker, dark green and brittle. It is easy to break in strong wind. The results are large and heavy, poor quality, low sweetness, and even sour or salty. Therefore, potassium fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer and bone meal should be added during flowering and fruiting to promote fruit sugar accumulation and improve quality.

Key points of watering: pitaya grows rapidly in a warm and humid environment with sufficient light. The soil of the whole garden should be kept moist during the seedling growth period. Water more in spring and summer to keep its roots in a vigorous growth state. Keep the soil moist during the fruit expansion period to facilitate the fruit growth.

During irrigation, do not immerse for a long time, and do not often pour water from beginning to end. Immersion irrigation will make the root system die due to long-term hypoxia, and watering will cause uneven humidity and induce erythema (physiological lesions). In rainy weather, timely drainage shall be carried out to avoid infection with bacteria and rot of stem meat. In winter, the garden should control water to enhance the cold resistance of branches.

Pruning tips: cut off the branches of Pitaya after fruit picking every year, and let it send out new branches again, so as to ensure the yield of the next year.

Planting method of pitaya fruit

Breeding points:

Pitaya is usually propagated by cutting and grafting.

Cutting seedlings: spring is the most suitable time for cutting. Select the fully grown stem nodes and cut the small segments of 375px. After the wound is air dried, insert them into the sand bed or directly cut them under the support frame and the side of the cement column. After cutting, no watering is needed to maintain the dryness of the soil. Start watering after 10 days. It can take about 15-30 days to take root. When the root grows to 3-100px, transplant the seedbed.

Grafted seedlings: select the "measuring ruler" without diseases and pests, strong growth and full stem and meat as rootstock, and graft in sunny days. Cut the stem of Pitaya with a knife, insert the scion, align it with the cambium, and bind it firmly with cotton thread. Under the condition of 28-30 ℃, a large number of callus will form on the wound junction surface in 4-5 days. The color of the scion is close to that of the rootstock, indicating that the vascular bundles of the two have healed and grafted successfully, and then they can be moved to the artificial seedling bed for further cultivation.

Pest control: yellow leaves (red spots on the leaves of pitaya, yellow leaves and iron deficiency)

Treatment method:

1) Branch and trunk spraying: for fruit trees with serious disease, 0.3-0.5% ferrous sulfate solution or the mixture of copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate and lime (0.5 kg of copper sulfate, 1.25 kg of quicklime and 160 kg of water) can be sprayed before germination to control the occurrence of diseases.

2) Trunk injection: the most commonly used and effective is 0.05-0.1% ferrous sulfate solution. Injection with 0.05-0.1% ferric citrate solution also has a certain effect.

3) Application of metal chelated iron: chelating metal is made of metal ions and chelating agent. The application of chelated iron can improve the supply of some nutrient elements in soil. In addition to soil application, chelated iron can also spray 0.1-0.2% integrated iron solution on the leaf surface to restore leaf color.

4) Soil or foliar spraying shall not be excessive to avoid drug damage.

Rot (white silk disease)

Treatment method:

It can be caused by insect mouth injury or formed in a long-term rainy environment after mechanical injury. The affected part can be cut off with a knife, or the festering tissue can be cut open with a knife for drainage (in sunny days with high temperature), so that the injured products can be naturally dried or coated with sulfur and phosphorus powder for prevention and treatment. General facility cultivation, excessive humidity, easy to get bituminous coal disease. Ventilation should be strengthened and the affected area should be cleaned with clean water. In winter, the greenhouse facilities are usually high-temperature and dry, which is easy to induce red spiders. Keep a certain humidity. If the population density is high, it can be controlled with 40% Omethoate 1000-1500 times solution.

Planting methods of Pitaya and experience of cultivating pitaya: 1. The germination temperature of Pitaya seeds is about 25 °.

2. To select the culture soil with relatively fine particles, it can also be replaced by commercially available sowing soil.

3. Be sure to remove the pulp and gum attached to the seed, otherwise mold is easy to grow during germination.

4. For small potted plants, the seeds should be paved more closely, especially the edge, otherwise they will lose their beauty.

5. If the basin has no bottom hole, don't water it directly with a kettle to avoid excessive watering. Just spray it once in 2-3 days.