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How to plant onion in the field: the key to onion production is sowing in the right time

Onion is a common food in kitchen. It is not only delicious but also nutritious. It can stimulate the secretion of stomach, intestine and digestive gland, increase appetite and promote digestion. So how many people know how onions are grown? Next, this article will introduce the planting method of onion.

How to grow onions

Planting method of onion in field 1. Sowing

Suitable sowing time is the key to onion production. The early sowing seedling is easy to bolting, the late sowing seedling is small, and the yield is low. In the Yangtze Huaihe River Basin, the sowing time should be from late September to early October, in which the north is earlier than the south. To plant 1 mu (1 mu = 667 square meters) onion, 150-200 g seeds are needed. The seedlings are raised by shading and moisture preservation. The shading net is removed after the seedlings are complete. At the seedling stage, the grass should be pulled and fertilized 1-2 times each.

2、 Seedling raising

Onion root system is weak and tolerant to fertilizer, so it is better to choose the soil with strong water and fertility conservation, and then harrow and break it up after ploughing. Before the second cultivated land, the basic fertilizer should be applied, and more than 5000 kg of organic fertilizer should be applied per mu (1 mu = 667 square meters). Generally, it is planted from late November to early December, with row spacing of 16 cm to 20 cm and plant spacing of 13 cm to 16 cm. It can plant 20 000 to 25 000 plants per mu (1 mu = 667 square meters).

Onion sowing

3、 Field management

1) Topdressing

After planting live trees, the last time thick manure was used before freezing, so as to protect seedlings and keep warm for winter. The next year, after spring warming and before the expansion of scallions, top dressing was used.

2) Irrigation

Before the arrival of cold current in winter, water to prevent freezing, after warm spring, water to promote the growth of leaves. When the plant height is 30 cm, the water content should be properly controlled to prevent excessive growth of leaves. When the bulb began to expand, it was watered again to promote the bulb expansion.

3) Weeding

Onion leaves erect, growth rate is not fast, field coverage is low, easy to grow weeds, must be timely weeding.

4、 Pest control

The diseases of onion include downy mildew, purple spot and so on. The control method is to select red skin onion with strong disease resistance, select disease-free plot to reserve seeds, and advocate rotation and seed disinfection before sowing. Choose the place with flat terrain and good drainage for cultivation. When P and K fertilizers were applied, 0.3% ~ 0.4% Bordeaux solution, 65% wettable powder mancozeb 600 times solution and 50% wettable powder carbendazim 500 times solution could be sprayed during plant growth. Spray every 10 days or so for 2-3 times. There are seed flies and thrips, etc. the control methods can be 40% dimethoate emulsion 1500 times, 50% Myzus pine emulsion 1000-1500 times, 90% trichlorfon 1000 times, 80% dichlorvos 1500 times, spraying 2-3 times.

5、 Storage of harvested surplus

1) Harvest

Onion is usually harvested from late May to early June. When onion leaves turned yellow from bottom to top, the pseudostem became soft and inverted; The bulb stopped expanding, the outer skin was leathery and entered the dormancy stage, which indicated that the bulb had matured and should be harvested in time.

2) Storage

Onion should be dried in the field for 2-3 days after harvest. For those directly listed on the market, the root can be cut off and cut off at the upper part of the bulb, which can be sold in baskets. If the onion needs to be stored, the stems and leaves are not removed. When the leaves are dried to 70% or 80%, the stems and leaves can be braided and hung in a ventilated, cool and dry place, which is called hanging onion or bag basket storage.

Onion can be divided into Allium Copa, a. copavar. Agrogatum and A. Copa var. uiuiparum. Tillering onions usually do not bear seeds and propagate with small tillering bulbs. The terminal onion does not bear seeds, but there are many aerial bulbs on the top of inflorescence for reproduction. The yield of these two varieties is low, and they are rarely cultivated in Jianghuai River Basin. Common onion is planted in Jianghuai River Valley. Common onion can be divided into the following three types according to the color of bulb skin.

1. Red onion, bulb round or oblate, purplish red to pink. It has strong pungent taste, high yield and poor storability. Such as Shanghai red skin, Nanjing red skin, Beijing purple skin onion, etc.

Red onion

2. Yellow onion, bulb oblate, round or oval, copper yellow or light yellow. The meat is yellowish, sweet and spicy with good quality. It is resistant to storage and low yield. Such as Lianyungang 841, 84-5, Nanjing Huangpi, Tianjin Yangbian, Dashui peach, etc.

Yellow onion

3. White onion, bulb is small, oblate or spherical, thick skin, white or slightly green. It is suitable for dehydrated vegetable because of its low yield and good quality. Such as Wuhan white, Japanese white and American white.

White onion