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Grafting of Bougainvillea: detailed explanation of grafting methods of Bougainvillea

Triangle plum is unique in potted flowers for its unique petals and fragrance. Prunus deltoides is the most common tropical plant in South China, which is not cold tolerant. Many flower friends don't know how to graft because it's the first time to breed triangle plum. Here's how to graft triangle plum.

The main points of grafting technology of Bougainvillea: 1. Selection of rootstock: after the grafting experiment of many varieties of rootstock, the best rootstock is Bougainvillea with good growth. The healthy, robust and full-grown Bougainvillea rubra was selected as rootstock. After planting, it was allowed to sprout and the branches could be grafted after semi lignification.

2. Scion collection: scion selection is very important, we must pay attention to two points;

(1) Strict selection of disease-free branches: in order to prevent the spread of diseases and pests, we should choose healthy and high-quality boughs of different colors without diseases and pests.

(2) Take the best part: when collecting scions, pay attention to collect the branches of different colors of Bougainvillea formosana in the part with sufficient light. It is not allowed to pick the lower long branches or too old branches as scions. The tender branches or semi lignified branches with healthy, strong, full growth and full bud should be selected, and the scions must be picked at the same time. If the scions are to be let off for a day or two, It must be soaked in clean water or refrigerated.

3. Triangle plum grafting time and preparation: Generally speaking, triangle plum can be grafted with each other all the year round, but the survival rate is different at different times. Spring and summer are the growing seasons, and the survival rate of grafting is high. Autumn and winter are the flowering seasons, the root nutrition is consumed, the crown nutrition is imbalance, and the grafting survival rate is low. Therefore, spring and summer grafting are generally adopted, and water must be irrigated once before grafting or immediately after grafting, so as to improve the living ability; As long as the humidity of the scion wound is ensured and the callus grows when the temperature rises, the grafting can survive.

Key points of grafting methods: for the grafting methods of different colors and flowers of Bougainvillea rubra, the most favorable method for grafting survival is an ancient and main method split grafting.

Split grafting is not only conducive to the survival of grafting, but also because it can make the joint of rootstock clamp scion tightly, so it is not easy to be broken by wind. In the process of grafting, we should be "fast, flat, accurate and tight"“ "Fast" means that the grafting knife should be sharp, the grafting action should be agile, and the drying time of the interface between scion cutting surface and rootstock should be shortened as far as possible“ "Flat" means that the interface between scion cutting surface and rootstock should be smooth, without convex and concave, so that they can be closely combined“ "Quasi" is to align the cambium between scion and rootstock when inserting scion, which is the key in the whole grafting process. If the cambium is not aligned, it will never survive“ "Tight" means that both the rootstock and scion should be tightly bound without looseness. Only when they are tight, can they form healing tissue.

Rootstock cutting: around an annual Prunus deltoides, select the corresponding branches from low to high levels as multiple rootstocks, cut the straight and thornless part of the rootstock with scissors, and use a blade to smooth the wound. The length of the incision was about 2-3cm.

Scion cutting: scions of different colors are used, the thickness of which is similar to that of rootstock branches, and the length is about 3-4cm. In order to reduce water evaporation of scions, the leaves need to be cut off, or more than half of them need to be cut off to leave a small part, so as to improve its survival rate. The scion leaves 2-3 buds. Cut one on both sides about 2-3cm below the scion to form a wedge, which is the same thickness on both sides. Note that the cutting surface of the scion should be long and flat, but not too thin. The angle formed after cutting the scion should be consistent with the angle of the stock split, so that the callus growing in the cambium of the stock and scion can be connected from top to bottom.

Joining: prying the split of a stock with a blade or fingernail. Then insert the scion into one side of the split to align the cambium on both sides. If it can not be aligned on both sides, one side should be aligned on the other side of the rootstock, or on the phloem of the rootstock. The scion should be as thick as the rootstock, so that the cambium on the left and right sides of the scion and rootstock are basically connected. When jointing, do not insert all the wounds of scion into the split, but expose more than 0.5cm, which is conducive to healing. If all the wounds of scion are inserted into the split, on the one hand, the upper and lower cambium are not aligned, on the other hand, the healing surface forms a knot in the lower part of the split, resulting in poor late healing and affecting the life span. Of course, sometimes two branches can be inserted through one incision, which is the same. A variety of scions with different colors can be grafted on several rootstocks of a purple bougainvillea.

Bandaging: after the joint is finished, the plastic strip with a width of about 1.5cm and a length of about 30cm is used to bind it from bottom to top (the tightness is moderate, and the willow bark ring can also be used to wrap it from bottom to top). When bandaging, the split and the exposed part of the wound should be wrapped tightly and tied tightly. The transparent plastic bag of the coat keeps moisture. In order to avoid direct sunlight, it should be wrapped with newspaper or kraft paper, and then the date should be written for future inspection. About two weeks to know whether the survival, if two weeks later the leaves did not wilt, fall off, probably will live. It will take about a month to open the bandage cloth, and it will really live after a month. Then, don't open it all at once. First, you need to pierce a small opening to make it adapt to the air. Only after a week can you really open it and turn it into normal maintenance.

Key points of management after grafting the management after grafting is very important. Because grafting is not the purpose, only through grafting to develop a variety of different colors of triangle plum varieties, and improve resistance, improve quality, accelerate growth, early flowering, this is the purpose of grafting. If the management is not good or timely, even if the grafts survive, the previous achievements will be wasted in the end. Therefore, we should not only be satisfied with the survival of the grafted seedlings, but also seriously manage the grafted seedlings.

In addition to sprouting: after grafting and cutting rootstock, the rootstock will grow many sprouts, and the sprouts grow faster than the grafted buds. In order to ensure the rapid growth of new shoots after grafting and not consume a lot of nutrients, the sprouts on the rootstock should be removed in time. If the sprouts on the rootstock are not removed in time, the sprouts will grow fast, but the scions will grow slowly. Because the competition can't get rid of the sprouts on the rootstock, the scions will stop growing and die. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the sprouts on the rootstock of Chimonanthus praecox. In addition to sprouting and tillering, the work should be carried out 3-4 times or repeated many times. When the scion grows vigorously, the sprouting and tillering of Bougainvillea rubra can stop growing.

Unbundling: plastic binding strip can keep humidity and temperature, elastic and tight. Its disadvantage is that after a period of time, it will affect the thickening growth of scion and rootstock. And the plastic won't rot, so this kind of binding must be removed.

New shoots pinching: when the grafts between Prunus deltoides survive and the new shoots of scions grow to 30-40cm, pinching should be carried out to control the long growth and reduce wind damage. At the same time, it can promote the formation and growth of lateral shoot, make its growth uniform, and improve the ornamental value.

Water and fertilizer management: after grafting, water should be less in a week, and then fertilize and water in time to make the rootstock and scion heal well, grow vigorously, increase the leaf area, and promote photosynthesis. Therefore, pruning and shaping must be carried out for many times. If necessary, water should be controlled and fertilized properly, and then water, so as to make it open a variety of different colors of flowers, so as to achieve the ornamental effect. This is not only beneficial to the growth of root system, but also can make the growth balance of aboveground and underground parts.

Grafting survival plants of Chimonanthus praecox