What method can prevent infantile pertussis? What clinical symptoms does infantile pertussis have? How to prevent infantile pertussis? Infantile pertussis is a respiratory infectious disease caused by pertussis bacillus. The survival ability of pertussis is not strong after it leaves human body. So what method can prevent infantile pertussis?
prevention
(1) The mixed preparation of DPT was inoculated.
(2) Early detection and early isolation of patients.
(3) The contact should be quarantined and observed if cough occurs during quarantine.
(4) Isolation of the source of infection, strict implementation of respiratory tract isolation for patients with this disease, is an important part of prevention. The isolation period lasted for 7 weeks from the onset of illness, or 4 weeks from spasmodic cough. The susceptible children in close contact (especially in collective institutions) need to be quarantined for 3 weeks. Adult patients should avoid contacting children. The focus only needs ventilation.
(5) Protecting the vulnerable
Active immunization
At present, DPT (diphtheria) is commonly used
The infants born 3-6 months old were immunized with the triple vaccine of tetanus toxoid, pertussis vaccine and tetanus toxoid. During the epidemic period, children can be vaccinated within one month. Emphasis on the whole course of immunization, and then according to the provisions to strengthen. Pertussis vaccine can occasionally cause neurological reactions such as encephalopathy. Therefore, patients with previous brain diseases or convulsions, or with convulsions after the first dose of pertussis vaccine injection, should not be given another injection. Pertussis vaccine was not injected in Japanese encephalitis epidemic season. Although the current whole cell pertussis vaccine has played a certain role, the effect is not ideal. It has been repeatedly reported in children and adults who suffer from pertussis after immunization.
Acellular pertussis vaccine: pertussis vaccine made by using some components of pertussis Bacillus instead of whole pertussis bacillus. Its protective effect is better than that of whole cell pertussis vaccine, and the side effects of whole cell vaccine are avoided. In 1981, Sato of Japan began to use the acellular pertussis vaccine with pertussis toxin (PT) and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) as the main components. The United Kingdom, the United States, Sweden and other countries then developed a variety of acellular pertussis component vaccines for the most effective population. It has been confirmed that pertussis toxin (PT) antigen is an essential component of any acellular pertussis component vaccine. Further studies revealed that pertussis toxin monoclonal antibody (PT McAb) has the characteristics of neutralizing various biological activities of pertussis toxin in vitro and in vivo, and also has the protective effect against pertussis infection.
Passive immunity
For infants or weak people, high titer immunoglobulin of pertussis can be given after contacting patients, but the effect of preventing and alleviating symptoms is not significant, so it is seldom used.
(6) Erythromycin 50 mg / kg was given orally four times a day for 10-14 days.
prognosis
It was related to the patient's age, general health and complications. In recent years, due to the early treatment of pluripotent drugs, the mortality rate has been significantly reduced, but newborns and infants are prone to pneumonia and encephalopathy, and the prognosis is still critical. Rickets in children infected with pertussis, the condition is more serious.
nursing
(1) The patient's room should have fresh air. Do not smoke or stir fry in the room to avoid coughing. Warm clothes and light outdoor activities can reduce the attack of cough.
(2) Because the patient often vomits, after vomits must supply the small quantity food. Diet should be a small number of meals, choose nutritious food.
The above content introduces the symptoms and prevention of pertussis in children. I believe everyone knows the symptoms and prevention of pertussis in children. I hope the above content can help families with children.
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