How to treat children's asthma with correct medication? How to treat children's asthma with rational medication? How to treat children's asthma? What should be paid attention to in family treatment of children's asthma? Do you understand these problems? Follow Xiaobian to learn the above problems!
Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory allergic disease in children. Its etiology is allergic reaction caused by abnormal increase of immunoglobulin in patients. The main reason is that the patient inhales external allergens such as pollen, dust mites, fur, feathers, smoke, etc., or eats sensitized food, and produces specific antibodies in the body. When the allergen is immersed again, it causes allergic reaction, and makes mast cells and basophils in the body release various biological media, such as histamine, leukocyte diene, etc., which can directly act on the bronchial smooth machine The mucous membrane and submucous glands of the respiratory tract cause spasm of smooth muscle, swelling of mucous membrane, increased secretion of mucus in the glands, resulting in narrowing of the respiratory tract, blockage of sputum, dyspnea and other symptoms of asthma. In addition, the respiratory tract of asthma patients is easy to produce allergic reactions to various external stimuli, also known as airway hyperresponsiveness. It's as if some people's skin contact with a certain irritation can cause urticaria. In addition, the family of asthmatic children often has a history of asthma or other allergic diseases, indicating that asthma has genetic characteristics. Therefore, comprehensive treatment should be adopted, and the following points should be paid attention to in family medication
(1) Look for incentives to avoid allergens:
Most asthmatic children can find out allergens through experiments, so as to avoid contact in future life. Medical experts summed up the methods to reduce the contact with allergens into four words, namely avoid, avoid, replace and remove. "Avoid" is to avoid allergens, such as pollen induced, spring and autumn should be less to the park and the suburbs. Caused by dust mites, children should be asked to avoid cleaning the room. Avoid carpet at the same time. 'taboo 'is taboo, allergic to that kind of food, clear after not eating. When antipyretic drugs cause asthma, you can use warm water bath and alcohol bath to cool down. "Migration" is to leave the original place of living and move to another country. Those from the South can move to the north, and those from the north can also move to the south.
(2) Strengthen the physique, prevent the use of drugs
In order to improve the adaptability of the body to the changes of the external environment, children with asthma should take moderate physical exercise during the intermission period. Pay attention to climate change and dress appropriately. Some anti allergic drugs, such as sodium cromoglycate and ketotifen, can be used before the onset season. These drugs can reduce the allergic state of the body and stabilize the mast cell or eosinophil membrane. Oral administration of carmanshu, BCG vaccination, injection of thymosin or transfer factor can adjust the immune function of the body, and achieve better effect in preventing and reducing asthma attack.
(3) Rational use of drugs to reduce recurrence
----① At present, there is no medicine to treat asthma attack, but there are ways to reduce the body's allergic state, use drugs to relieve bronchospasm and adjust the body's disease resistance. Desensitization therapy can be used to reduce the allergic state of the body. The known allergens were made into several kinds of low concentration solutions and intramuscularly injected from small doses for 2-3 years.
2. Relieving bronchospasm should be the first choice for &beta. The adrenergic receptor stimulant has been developed with high efficacy and small side effects such as salbutamol, boleconide and Mei Chuan Qing. In recent years, we have also developed corticosteroid aerosols, such as clodexamethasone dipropionate, betamethasone dipropionate, and butadisone.
3. Direct spray is suitable for children who can cooperate. Children can add air bags between the lips and the nebulizer.
④ If there is no aerosol, aminophylline can be administered orally or intravenously, 4-6 mg / kg body weight every time, once every 6 hours, so as to maintain the effective concentration in the blood.
⑤ After the acute attack of asthma is controlled, we should still insist on medication.
⑥ At present, a batch of long-acting theophylline and salbutamol have been produced one after another, which can reduce the frequency of taking medicine and help the sick children insist on taking medicine. Under the supervision of a doctor, they take it for several years, so that they can study and exercise like normal people.
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